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Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

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Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#81
post #72
post #56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Which part of your link, or the large surgeon general's report, say that "about 1/3 of smoking related deaths are due more to the nicotine than the smoke"?

Out of 480,317 deaths attributed to cigarette smoking, 160K were due to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases. 160/480 = .3333 This calculation makes the charitable assumption that none of the deaths categorized as Cancer were due to the nicotine itself. The categories are Cancer, Cardiovascular Diseases and Metabolic Diseases, Respiratory Diseases, Perinatal Conditions, Residential Fires, Secondhand Smoke.

Why are you assuming all the cardiovascular disease was caused by nicotine? That doesn't seem to be what the full report is saying, although maybe I missed it.

Why are you assuming the nicotine is solely to blame, and not for example the carbon monoxide?

Page 419:

> The 2010 Surgeon General’s report reviewed in great detail the mechanisms by which cigarette smoking leads to CHD; Figure 8.3 provides an overview of the mechanisms considered (Benowitz 2003). In addition to supporting the findings of previous reports, the 2010 report concluded that smoking produces insulin resistance that, together with chronic inflammation, can accelerate the development of both macrovascular and microvascular complications, including nephropathy, and the use of nicotine replacement and medications to aid smoking cessation in smokers with CHD produces far less risk than continued smoking.

Page 420:

> Nicotine is a sympathomimetic agent that increases heart rate and cardiac contractility, transiently increasing blood pressure and constricting coronary arteries (see Chapter 5). Nicotine may also contribute to endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and lipid abnormalities. However, international epidemiologic evidence, and data from clinical trials of nicotine patches, suggests that chemical components in smoke other than nicotine are more important in elevating the risk of death from MI and stroke

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#82
post #69
post #62

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why not just get more, higher quality sleep? It provides all of the upsides that you mention with no downsides.

Not parent, but nothing I have tried improves my sleep. Baseline is just bad. Exercise, meditation, alarms – nothing works. The only thing that raised the baseline was quitting caffeine.

The thing that finally worked for me was blackout curtains in my room. I didn't realize just how much the incoming light from outside my window was affecting my sleep. In pitch black darkness, I'm out like a light and have the deepest sleep imaginable. (It's so effective that I have to set an alarm to wake myself up, otherwise I'll stay asleep for 10-12 hours)

I'm able to replicate this somewhat using a sleeping mask, but I find most of them pretty uncomfortable; I like to sleep on my side, and that doesn't work terribly well when something's on my face.

Full disclosure here of course, I work an evening shift (12pm-11pm) so I'm used to going to sleep much later in the evening. Even still, I often found difficulty falling asleep due to light bleed from the lights around my apartment, and I feel like this contributed to my sleeping issues more than the sunlight in the morning, which my body's clock seems to have adjusted to on its own. (I still naturally wake up around 10-11am even without blackout curtains.)

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#83
post #43

This is at the intersection of several of my interests. The idea that nicotine improves cognition in schizophrenia is not new and, indeed, several drugs inspired by this idea (nicotinic agonists) are currently in the pipeline for the treatment of ADHD, schizophrenia, and depression. [1] In this paper, the researchers are focused on a polymorphism in the CHRNA5 gene. Pulling up my 23andme data, this mutation (rs169699…

Thanks for this comprehensive overview and the sensible caveats.

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#84
post #41

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It looks like about 1/3 of smoking-related deaths are due more to the nicotine than the smoke: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/heal... That's much higher than I'd assumed, and bad news for those who want to claim that e-cigarettes are essentially safe. EDIT: DanBC points out below[1] that it's wrong to assume the cardiovascular disease is caused primarily by nicotine, which is how I came to th…

I couldn't find that evidence anywhere in your link. A report by Public Health England estimated e-cigarettes to be at least 95% less harmful than combustible tobacco. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachm...

The report you linked does not explain the 95% number, and following their citations bottomed out in articles that don't contain that number either. I'd need to spend more time looking through those before I'd feel comfortable saying that no existence for the 95% harm reduction claim can be found in the tree of citations spinning out from the PHE report, but please be aware that as of now you have not provided evidence for that claim. I'd be pleased if you would, since it would probably save me a lot of time later.

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#85

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Clarifying: Nicotine harms everyone. Net harm to a schizophrenic may be negative, but they are still harmed. "Self-medication hypotheses" exist for many abused substances. Rather than accusing the addicted of poor education, self control, or intelligence it argues (with mounting evidence) that there is a structural or genetic issue that contributes for some addictions. Ideally we would figure out the mechanism of act…

Bullshit. Nicotine in itself doesn't harm anyone, that's completely made up. On the contrary, a lot of people would be helped by getting more Nicotine into their system, preferably from eating veggies rather than smoking it.

> Nicotine in itself doesn't harm anyone, that's completely made up.

Unless you take too much or have an intolerance. Sweeping statements about neurotoxins usually ignore their complex effects.

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#86
I'm surprised that no one has pointed out that tobacco absorbs lithium from the ground can be found in smoking tobacco [1]. Lithium is also used as an anti-psychotic medication.

1: http://www.europsy-journal.com/article/S0924-9338(16)00128-0...

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#87
post #79

“This defines a completely novel strategy for medication development,” says lead author As someone with schizoaffective problems and raging ADHD, I find quotes like this acutely annoying. I've told every psychiatrist I'eve ever dealt with about the experiential costs/benefits of smoking (and consuming various other recreational drugs). They all nod sagely and say things like 'but smoking is bad' (no shit Sherlock!) w…

IMO Vaping is a far safer alternative to smoking for getting nicotine.

Based on what?

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#89
post #69

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Not parent, but nothing I have tried improves my sleep. Baseline is just bad. Exercise, meditation, alarms – nothing works. The only thing that raised the baseline was quitting caffeine.

The thing that finally worked for me was blackout curtains in my room. I didn't realize just how much the incoming light from outside my window was affecting my sleep. In pitch black darkness, I'm out like a light and have the deepest sleep imaginable. (It's so effective that I have to set an alarm to wake myself up, otherwise I'll stay asleep for 10-12 hours) I'm able to replicate this somewhat using a sleeping mask…

That 80's show married with children have an episode where the kids instantly go to sleep if someone puts a cloth over their eyes. I've been using that with great success on myself for more than a decade now :)

Re: Nicotine Normalizes Brain Activity Deficits That Are Key to Schizophrenia

#90

“This defines a completely novel strategy for medication development,” says lead author As someone with schizoaffective problems and raging ADHD, I find quotes like this acutely annoying. I've told every psychiatrist I'eve ever dealt with about the experiential costs/benefits of smoking (and consuming various other recreational drugs). They all nod sagely and say things like 'but smoking is bad' (no shit Sherlock!) w…

Smoking is not the only way you can get nicotine. Have you considered trying nicotine chewing gum or similar? I find nicotine gum helpful personally.

I've never smoked but I keep nicotine gum on hand. I find it great for long drives at night when I don't want caffeine. 2mg of nicotine perks me right up for a couple hours
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