> but who 'earn' those through jumping through many many regulatory hoops
They also earn it by knowing that those niches are willing to pay and normal computers can be problematic to an outright danger[1].
If you happen to have an employee that is a bit "rough" with their notebook and is a Windows user, a Panasonic Toughbook is a great buy. They are built like tanks and Panasonic knows their users.
Also, if you have a dust or grain dust[2] environment, you most definitely should buy medical computers. We have a carpentry area that needs computers and the sealed medical computers are perfect. I use http://www.cybernetman.com because I like the reps.
1) having a sealed computer that you can wipe down with Lysol is an amazing benefit for a hospital setting.
2) do not f around with normal computers in a grain dust environment unless you like fires and explosions. You want to take precautions to get proper clean airflow or use sealed computers.