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New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

npr.org

111–120 of 135 posts

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#112
post #49

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You don't even need to wipe out all mosquitoes - just a few species (something like 6 out of 300) account for the vast majority of disease transmitted.

There is quite of bit of research activity going into making mosquitoes that act as vectors infertile, by introducing genes into populations: http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n1/full/nbt.3439.html

Whit the zika outbreak I thought, what if we could some how harden(genetics) the mosquito inmune system to fight off zika? (or any other undesirable virus)

Then find a way to replace the native populations with the hardened ones. (For example some kind of selective trap)

Something similar to what is currently done with livestock, which is vaccinated against many posible human patogens.

I think, experimentation with mosquitoes could be more agressive that trying to find a way to cure a human. And you would not eliminate the population which could lead to problems down the road.

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#113
post #49

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You don't even need to wipe out all mosquitoes - just a few species (something like 6 out of 300) account for the vast majority of disease transmitted.

Agree with that, if the day comes I will like to see the Aedes Aegypti to be on top of the list, that little bastard needs to dissapear.

The tech is almost there -

"Three U.S. labs that handle mosquitoes, two in California and one in Virginia, say they are already working toward a gene drive for Aedes aegypti" https://www.technologyreview.com/s/600689/we-have-the-techno...

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#114
post #93

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It's more that NPR's write-ups are usually quite good.

Seems like whenever NPR reports on subjects I happen to know really really well I find myself disappointed. Makes me wonder about the rest of their reporting.

This generally goes for all media entities. Similar scrutiny should be applied to all subjects, not just those for which we're experts. It's a common fallacy to take news of unfamiliar subjects at face value, while understanding that there is far more to the stories we know well than that which is contained in one piece of media.

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#115
post #6

Just a thought: I wonder if the virus uses some form of redundancy encoding like certain RAID or file XOR systems use. I wonder if RNA/DNA has a checksum or data correction code somewhere? It would be really neat if this virus does something like that. It might be why the 5th viral component is not required.

> I wonder if RNA/DNA has a checksum or data correction code somewhere?

You may consider CRISPR mechanism that Bacteria use to defend themselves against mutations introduced by the invading viruses as sort of data corerction.

As for greater organisms, it seems that preferable approach is to have copies of single genes in case. Apparently some species are more resistant to cancer to other due to number of anti-cancerous genene they posses in their DNA. Phenomena is known as Peto's Paradox:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peto%27s_paradox

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#118
post #46

Why if instead of spending money researching the diseases that mosquitos could transmit to humans on the future we spend all that money into figuring out a way to exterminate all mosquitos from the surface of earth once and for all? As someone who lives on a tropical country and had have both Dengue and Chikungunya I can attest mosquitos are pure evil, and there are several researchs suggesting they serve no purpose…

We generally arent trying to cure diseases. I mean, individual researchers want to find cures (e.g. the dedicated clinician who went to med school because her mother had breast cancer, the passionate hacker who eschewed private buses and free lunches at some startup to work at a research institute) Generally though, the pressure of the overall system is to make as much money as possible. If you cure someone's disease…

> If your goal is to make money the optimal path is to manage symptoms but keep customers (i.e. patients) reliant on your treatments, ideally with their life depending on them.

I have no love for the pharmaceutical industry, but that logic is wrong for so many reasons.

1) Corporations on the public stock exchanges aren't constitutionally capable of maximizing profits with such long-term strategies. Stockholders want fat profits _now_, not a trickle of profits over decades. The industry is already high risk.

2) Because all the low-hanging fruit is gone, what big pharmaceuticals care about is stuffing their pipeline full of as many lottery tickets as possible. They don't have the luxury of only focusing on such narrow strategies as you describe; in order to hit the jackpot more often they need to play the field in all its dimensions. This shotgun approach is why we see so much less-than-revolutionary research. If companies only aimed for the stars (i.e. cures for high-profile diseases) all of them would quickly go bankrupt. They want scratch-offs in their pipeline, too, not only the Mega Millions.

3) For serious ailments the sick person isn't the consumer; the healthcare and insurance industries are the consumers. Substitutes are easier to find or develop for management/sustaining therapies, including none at all. And for such therapies, there's less pressure from the sick because such therapies are less high-profile. A possible cure? They'll be beating down their doctors' and insurers' doors.

4) As much as I hate patents, the effective patent life for a treatment is something like 15 years or less. Which means even if you could corner a market (and they sure do try), you only have 15 years maximum to dominate and reap huge profits, not a lifetime. Again, because it's easier to find alternatives and supplements to therapies like you describe, it's important to front-load as much profit as possible.

None of that is to say that there aren't pathological problems with the incentive structures driving the pharmaceutical and health therapy industries. Or that there aren't counter-veiling and counter-counter-veiling forces at play. But cynical, conspiratorial theories are really unhelpful. They're not realistic and ultimately rather fatalistic, I think.

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#119

Why if instead of spending money researching the diseases that mosquitos could transmit to humans on the future we spend all that money into figuring out a way to exterminate all mosquitos from the surface of earth once and for all? As someone who lives on a tropical country and had have both Dengue and Chikungunya I can attest mosquitos are pure evil, and there are several researchs suggesting they serve no purpose…

This isn't on topic and has been discussed many times before

This comment is also off-topic.

Re: New Virus Breaks the Rules of Infection

#120
post #56

How is this different from the hepatitis D virus? Hepatitis D isn't complete, and can only propagate if there is a hepatitis B infection. In other words, you can only get hepatitis D if you already have the hepatitis B virus, and then it makes things worse. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_D

Hepatitis delta is a satellite virus, of which there are many. The virus described in this article doesn't seem to be considered a satellite virus because, presumably because no part of it is replication-competent. It's a single virus that has its genome segments packaged separately.
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