To this day it doesn't seize to amaze me how many companies run on python - JPMorgan, Bank of America, LinkedIn, Dropbox, etc etc etc - that's probably at least 15K devs right there. And so many more ... Makes me proud to be a python dev :)
What do you mean by "run on python"? Those companies use pretty much every language in existence (not quite, but you get the point, I hope).
Another big elephant is OpenStack.