What are some cases where I would choose to write a server in Go instead of in Erlang?
You are scared of Erlang because it has uglyish syntax. Only reason I can think of. The "need to do computation" argument is silly. Just call into a C lib from Erlang.
> Just call into a C lib from Erlang.
That's easier said than done. Certainly possible, but it's not quite as easy as just linking and calling.