Here's the interesting part over existing blockchains / the reason why Intel is involved, from http://intelledger.github.io/introduction.html : "This project includes a consensus algorithm, PoET (Proof of Elapsed Time), which is intended to run in a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), such as Intel® Software Guard Extensions (SGX)."
I've been trying to understand the base of trust in this: I think it's Intel EPID: it boils down to a secret key burned into the hardware and managed by the ME. What happens if Intel's signing machine is exposed?