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Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

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Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#21
post #12
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'm still a bit angry that my internet was suddenly cut off :/ not like they ever notified me of it either.

You should be able to fix it by installing the latest updates. http://www.cnet.com/news/amazon-kindle-update-march-22/ But yeah, they should have let us known beforehand. I only read an article about it by accident.

That's strange, as I got several emails from Amazon telling me about the upgrade.

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#22
post #13

How hard can it really be to stop this technically?

One thing that's happened is that Wikimedia Common's is utilizing IP range blocks for the country. (meaning users will have to request exempt accounts) [0] However, users can also upload files to their local Wikipedias and the Portuguese Wikipedia couldn't really range block a whole country of its participants. That's what this article and the mailing list [1] is having trouble with. Wikipedia does have a permissions system so that's the likely avenue they might pursue. For example, on the English Wikipedia, users have to be "autoconfirmed" to create pages or upload files. However, it is very easy to attain: an account just has to be older than 4 days and made at least 10 edits. Maybe they'll create a stricter group for uploading files. (though who knows, maybe they'll start encoding the files as text comments into articles) Another possibility is making each upload subject to review, similar to a pending changes system, but that has its own problem in having enough reviewers. [2] When I looked at the mailing list discussion when it was just starting, the foundation was suggesting user education over blanket banning policies. It's certainly not a problem with an easy solution, and in my opinion it's much more of a people problem; throwing tech at it might exacerbate matters. Not to mention that any potential solutions will also make it harder for new would-be editors, making it a tragedy of the commons. (where I'm referring to the open nature of Wikipedia rather than the free data) [3]

[0]: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:St...

[1]: https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2016-March...

[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes

[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons

Sidenote: Wikipedia and commons already have a concept of "patrolling", which puts up every new article or file to be patrolled by another editor for spam/copyright violations. That's likely how these bad uploads were caught. Unfortunately this doesn't stop the upload in the first place and requires work to look at and delete the files which is hard to keep up with. (Not to mention that not enough people patrol pages either. On the English Wikipedia, nearly every page I've had patrolled was by one user called SisterTwister. I was also given autopatrolled rights on commons even though I'm hardly a prolific uploader)

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#23
post #12

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You should be able to fix it by installing the latest updates. http://www.cnet.com/news/amazon-kindle-update-march-22/ But yeah, they should have let us known beforehand. I only read an article about it by accident.

That's strange, as I got several emails from Amazon telling me about the upgrade.

Huh ... interessting. They probably ran out of e-mails...

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#24
post #13

How hard can it really be to stop this technically?

The pirates (arrr!) are essentially using steganography when they hide videos in jpeg images or pdf files. Steganography can (sometimes, depending on the algorithm used) be detected, but in the end it's an arms race between one side using more sophisticated steganography and the other side using more sophisticated detection mechanisms.

I'd be very surprised if that were the case. The impression I got from the article was that they were just changing the extension on video files so that they could be uploaded as PDFs. For it to be steganography would require the PDF of the video file to still be readable as a PDF, which is vastly more work and takes much more technical knowhow (and the ability to download a decryption program) than just renaming.

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#25
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The colonialism is attempting to enforce Western mores and laws about copyright on the Angolan population. As well as Wikipedia's own culture which is pretty Western itself. While Wikipedia may be attempting to colonize Angola with some of its community conduct values, the population there has another view of Wikipedia's purpose which might be equally valid.

Maybe I missed the part of the article where it said that people in Angola are being forced to use Wikipedia.

Encouraged, is perhaps more appropriate, as Wikipedia is the service being zero rated rather than something else that would be more suitable to the task at hand.

Forced, to the extent that they cannot afford to use other services that are not zero rated. The article mentions $2.5 for 50 Mb which is quite expensive by any measure.

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#26
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The colonialism is attempting to enforce Western mores and laws about copyright on the Angolan population. As well as Wikipedia's own culture which is pretty Western itself. While Wikipedia may be attempting to colonize Angola with some of its community conduct values, the population there has another view of Wikipedia's purpose which might be equally valid.

Maybe I missed the part of the article where it said that people in Angola are being forced to use Wikipedia.

This is the objection to zero-rated services. Angolans get to use the internet, but they only get to use the zero-rated bits of it. And they have to use them in ways that westerners approve of.

It comes down to money, really. Do we put a "you must be this rich to use the internet" sign up on the planet's communications, or do we allow people to bring their culture and ideas to the party despite their poverty?

This whole thing reminds me of UseNet in the early days. It was supposed to be about news and conversations. It ended up being about sharing copyrighted content, because it was one of the only ways we could do it.

So we (Westerners) misused our internet services to share copyrighted content in the early days of our internet experience, why are we even surprised, let alone objecting, that others are doing the same?

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#27

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The pirates (arrr!) are essentially using steganography when they hide videos in jpeg images or pdf files. Steganography can (sometimes, depending on the algorithm used) be detected, but in the end it's an arms race between one side using more sophisticated steganography and the other side using more sophisticated detection mechanisms.

I'd be very surprised if that were the case. The impression I got from the article was that they were just changing the extension on video files so that they could be uploaded as PDFs. For it to be steganography would require the PDF of the video file to still be readable as a PDF, which is vastly more work and takes much more technical knowhow (and the ability to download a decryption program) than just renaming.

Looks like MediaWiki (the software behind WIkipedia) verifies that the MIME type matches the extension: "MediaWiki tries to detect the MIME type of the files you upload, and rejects the file if the file-extension does not match the mime type" (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:MIME_type_detection) However, MIME types can be spoofed... (http://security.stackexchange.com/questions/35933/how-can-i-...)

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Maybe I missed the part of the article where it said that people in Angola are being forced to use Wikipedia.

This is the objection to zero-rated services. Angolans get to use the internet, but they only get to use the zero-rated bits of it. And they have to use them in ways that westerners approve of. It comes down to money, really. Do we put a "you must be this rich to use the internet" sign up on the planet's communications, or do we allow people to bring their culture and ideas to the party despite their poverty? This wh…

I still don't understand the argument why people who are suddenly given a free thing, and not forced to use it, are now a victim of that and entitled to get everything for free.

If we give free drugs for certain diseases to a poor country, would that mean that we enforce our "Western view on health" on them, and that they are actually entitled to get all drugs for free, otherwise it is a form of colonialism?

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#29

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Maybe I missed the part of the article where it said that people in Angola are being forced to use Wikipedia.

This is the objection to zero-rated services. Angolans get to use the internet, but they only get to use the zero-rated bits of it. And they have to use them in ways that westerners approve of. It comes down to money, really. Do we put a "you must be this rich to use the internet" sign up on the planet's communications, or do we allow people to bring their culture and ideas to the party despite their poverty? This wh…

I personally would welcome a free (as in no money) unrestricted but low bandwidth Internet connection for everyone. Paid would be faster.

I'm in the UK. Free mobile broadband at something like 256Kbits with cheap USB dongles would allow access for all children & low income adults who could find a suitable client device (recycled laptop/cheap smartish phone whatever). Sort of basic income argument applied to Internet connectivity.

Am I being colonialist? Remember I live in the country that more or less invented colonialism!

Re: Angola’s Wikipedia Pirates Are Exposing the Problems with Digital Colonialism

#30
post #17

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It's training users to only use their products, and by the time access becomes cheaper, those products will be able to crowd out any competitors. It also means that any local competitors don't get fair treatment, and will automatically lose to these services provided by the 'colonials'.

Is that an argument that makes any sense in the context of Wikipedia? Where users actually form the content itself, and where access and content are free anyway everywhere?

I thought it was a liberal use of colonialism (but still fair) until I reached the part in the article about disabling IP ranges for not using the service in ways that align with admin sensibilities. In particular, the reenabling of an account because its contributions were seen as valuable illustrates the power relationships at play here. Angolans don't seem to be able to form content the way they think it should be formed, and are required to go through an outsider gatekeeper. Colonialism becomes more relevant when you consider that these services are the only ones that were made free and widely accessible. Over time, it pushes western/northern concepts of knowledge, data organization, copyright, etc onto a culture that didn't ask for it. That's colonialism.
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