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Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

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21–30 of 48 posts

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#21
post #2

"I'm sorry we're falling off a mountain right now, but it was us or that family."

If you are in a situation where there is a risk of falling off a mountain and you are driving fast enough that you can't safely stop if you see people in front of you, you are doing something wrong. A self-driving car should definitely not even get into situations where it's forced to make decisions like that.

Unexpected road conditions? Falling rock, black ice, etc.?

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#22
post #5
post #3

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think that self-driving cars should act in the self interest of the owners. It will encourage people to use self-driving cars and decrease road deaths. Also, if you are at a rail yard and see something hurtling toward 5 workmen and can push a fat man in front to protect them, you should refrain. The workmen had the opportunity and duty to take actions to prepare for and prevent rogue train cars. The fat man should…

> I think that self-driving cars should act in the self interest of the owners. To what extent? At some point, we're going to have to decide as a society what call a self-driving car has to make in situations like "I can run down this family in the cross-walk or get rear-ended by that oncoming vehicle".

When autonomous vehicles encounter an obstacle, they brake. Moreover, why in this problem, that appears in absolutely every thread about self-driving cars, is there a family in a crosswalk with no awareness whatsoever of a speeding vehicle? Are they deaf and blind without assistance? This is not a joke.

The car will be aware of the presence of the crosswalk. It will slow long before arriving at it. So the deaf and blind family will likely be safe.

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#23
post #18

Earlier quoted context omitted.

try: brakes() except BrakeFailure: emergency_brakes()

Yes, but have you ever stopped with your eBrake? first, it doesn't usually effect all 4 wheels, and second, it isn't antilock. If, traveling 60mph your master cylinder or brake lines fail, the E Brake might not do the job. I know the E Brake in my Toyota Tundra wouldn't stop me if I were going 60mph. Again, my point was not to say that this was likely to happen, but merely that we should ensure that there is framewor…

Most people think of the parking brake as an emergency brake for some reason. These things are wimpy brakes that are designed to prevent a vehicle from rolling if parked incorrectly or on a hill. They are generally cable actuated and don't have much stopping force if the vehicle is in motion. The Tundra has a foot-activated ratcheting parking brake and I don't recall it ever being referred to as an "emergency brake" in the manual (although it's been a while since I read mine, I could be wrong).

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#24
post #21

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If you are in a situation where there is a risk of falling off a mountain and you are driving fast enough that you can't safely stop if you see people in front of you, you are doing something wrong. A self-driving car should definitely not even get into situations where it's forced to make decisions like that.

Unexpected road conditions? Falling rock, black ice, etc.?

There are very little things that can happen totally unexpectedly and that you can avoid once you know about them. Yes, a falling rock can crush your car, but there is not much you can do about it. My point is that if you are driving on a mountain road with a steep cliff, you should be driving slowly. If you see rocks on the road, you can expect larger rocks on the road ahead of you and you should be driving slowly. If you have to make the decision between driving off the road and falling off a mountain, or driving through people, you are driving badly and self-driving cars shouldn't be allowed to drive badly.

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#25
post #18

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, but have you ever stopped with your eBrake? first, it doesn't usually effect all 4 wheels, and second, it isn't antilock. If, traveling 60mph your master cylinder or brake lines fail, the E Brake might not do the job. I know the E Brake in my Toyota Tundra wouldn't stop me if I were going 60mph. Again, my point was not to say that this was likely to happen, but merely that we should ensure that there is framewor…

Most people think of the parking brake as an emergency brake for some reason. These things are wimpy brakes that are designed to prevent a vehicle from rolling if parked incorrectly or on a hill. They are generally cable actuated and don't have much stopping force if the vehicle is in motion. The Tundra has a foot-activated ratcheting parking brake and I don't recall it ever being referred to as an "emergency brake"…

"Most people think of the parking brake as an emergency brake for some reason"

Some car manuals actually labeled it "emergency brake".

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#27
post #5

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I think that self-driving cars should act in the self interest of the owners. To what extent? At some point, we're going to have to decide as a society what call a self-driving car has to make in situations like "I can run down this family in the cross-walk or get rear-ended by that oncoming vehicle".

When autonomous vehicles encounter an obstacle, they brake. Moreover, why in this problem, that appears in absolutely every thread about self-driving cars, is there a family in a crosswalk with no awareness whatsoever of a speeding vehicle? Are they deaf and blind without assistance? This is not a joke. The car will be aware of the presence of the crosswalk. It will slow long before arriving at it. So the deaf and bl…

I'll concede that there are some scenarios where choices may be required:

e.g. Child darts in front of car. Slam on brakes and hope for best or swerve off road (which probably isn't a cliff) or into traffic? And perhaps there is a different calculus if the car isn't carrying a passenger.

But, for the most part, these trolley arguments are pretty uninteresting from a technical, as opposed to a philosophical, perspective. It's going to be very rare that an autopilot would even in principle be able able to reliably forecast a significantly better outcome than hitting the brakes and/or otherwise protecting itself/its occupant as much as possible.

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#28
post #18

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, but have you ever stopped with your eBrake? first, it doesn't usually effect all 4 wheels, and second, it isn't antilock. If, traveling 60mph your master cylinder or brake lines fail, the E Brake might not do the job. I know the E Brake in my Toyota Tundra wouldn't stop me if I were going 60mph. Again, my point was not to say that this was likely to happen, but merely that we should ensure that there is framewor…

Most people think of the parking brake as an emergency brake for some reason. These things are wimpy brakes that are designed to prevent a vehicle from rolling if parked incorrectly or on a hill. They are generally cable actuated and don't have much stopping force if the vehicle is in motion. The Tundra has a foot-activated ratcheting parking brake and I don't recall it ever being referred to as an "emergency brake"…

Most people think of the parking brake as an emergency brake for some reason.

That's because that's what it used to be called. In the owner's manual. I imagine the change might be due to liability more than anything else. That, and just marketing. No one wants to imply that you'll have an emergency in your shiny, new Chrysler.

These things are wimpy brakes that are designed to prevent a vehicle from rolling if parked incorrectly or on a hill. They are generally cable actuated and don't have much stopping force if the vehicle is in motion.

Fifty years ago, this would describe most brakes on consumer vehicles [0]. They're wimpy because they're drum brakes (though more upscale vehicles have rear discs). They are difficult to modulate because they're actuated by flexy cables. But cable-actuated drum brakes were what you got when you bought a 1960 Chevy.

As for stopping force, a parking brake should have all of the stopping power that the rear brakes usually have. The reason they often don't have much stopping power is because most people don't have them adjusted regularly (meaning the cable runs out before the full power available is applied), or more commonly they don't use it at all and the cable rusts up. If properly maintained, you should be able to lock the rear wheels at speed.

[0] EDIT: give or take. I don't remember exactly when cars went hydraulic, and the web's no help. I did own a 60's Harley/Aramachi motorcycle that had cable-actuated brakes, FWIW.

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#29
post #8
post #5

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I think that self-driving cars should act in the self interest of the owners. To what extent? At some point, we're going to have to decide as a society what call a self-driving car has to make in situations like "I can run down this family in the cross-walk or get rear-ended by that oncoming vehicle".

I'd rather see a focus on smarter and faster braking then on solving contrived moral dilemmas.

I don't understand why this keeps coming up. I have never seen or even heard of a driver getting into a situation where there's any sort of moral dilemma in how they react. There's always an obvious best answer or a bunch of equivalently good answers.

For the one-in-a-trillion cases where this is not true, it's OK if the car reacts sub-optimally. It will still be vastly better than human drivers, who frequently react sub-optimally in unambiguous situations.

Re: Toyota Wants Cars to React to the Unexpected, and Then Explain Themselves

#30
post #5

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I think that self-driving cars should act in the self interest of the owners. To what extent? At some point, we're going to have to decide as a society what call a self-driving car has to make in situations like "I can run down this family in the cross-walk or get rear-ended by that oncoming vehicle".

When autonomous vehicles encounter an obstacle, they brake. Moreover, why in this problem, that appears in absolutely every thread about self-driving cars, is there a family in a crosswalk with no awareness whatsoever of a speeding vehicle? Are they deaf and blind without assistance? This is not a joke. The car will be aware of the presence of the crosswalk. It will slow long before arriving at it. So the deaf and bl…

They sometimes break [sic]. I think your position requires a fully autonomous world. Instead, imagine that the car behind you continues to barrel forward instead of slowing itself. Your autonomous vehicle then has a decision to make.
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