How to minimize procrastination

If you want a good intro to guided meditation, check out the app Headspace.

1. Want to stop procrastinating and get stuff done

2. Spend hours reading "how to get stuff done" blog posts

To summarize: When you start on a task, set a timer for 25 minutes. Work exclusively on that task for 25 minutes, then take a 5 minute break and repeat. That unit is "a pomodoro". If any interruption occurs during the task, either an internal interruption like you find yourself reading email instead, or an external interruption like someone comes to your office, then you cancel that task and reset the 25 minute timer. Keep a record on paper of each pomodoro completed successfully, and each that's interrupted.

One of the primary values of the Pomodoro Technique is that it helps you be realistic about how much useful, productive time you can commit towards your tasks. Upon trying the Pomodoro Technique, a number of colleagues and I have discovered that one's reserve of fully focused time is typically around 2-4 hours per day when first starting to use it. (The remaining time per productive day is typically lighter work, like communication and coordination, and interruptions of various sorts. It's still work, but it's not fully focused work applied to the task you've chosen.) Over time you can adjust your schedule and manage your commitments to squeeze out more solo focused time, if that's what you desire. Some types of responsibilities naturally involve interruption and are not well-suited to this kind of solo focused work; however, whether that's the case or not, Pomodoro can help you be conscious about how much time you actually have available.

The Pomodoro Technique does not fight distraction directly. It's not like you're supposed to slap yourself when you cancel a pomodoro. Rather, you just keep track of it. This conscious awareness of your productivity engages a new part of the mind that helps rein in the short-term-rewards part. When you waste a day by doing work off and on while mostly procrastinating, it's sometimes easy to miss how much productive time you haven't spent. When you measure your productive time as "completed pomodoros", you can be realistic with yourself about your output, and make changes accordingly. It engages something new in your mind and enables metacognition that notices when you get distracted; when you are supposed to be completely focused on your task, and that notification pops up saying you have new messages, this metacognition will help remind you that you need to ignore it and turn it off, or else cancel the pomodoro. The long-term-rewards part of you that's powering the metacognition wants to complete the pomodoro. The act of recognizing those distractions will fight them. I suppose you could call it the Copenhagen Theory of Time Management. :-)