Earlier quoted context omitted.
Run the browser in a container or in a sandboxed environment (kindof like chroot, but note that chroot itself should not be used for security purposes). There may be docker containers with just firefox, if not it's easy to create one. Or use vmware, though that is much more heavyweight than sandboxing or containers.
Docker would seem to me to be the wrong solution in this case.
$ firefox
you start $ docker run mozilla/firefox
and get instant process isolation and protection from these kinds of exploits.Heck, mozilla could use the same underlying mechanisms internally (cgroups, namespaces) that docker already uses without introducing the dependency on docker (if that's whats bothering you). So while the implementation may not be ideal (installing docker is an overhead, I acknowledge that), what it does technology-wise is an improvement for security.