Earlier quoted context omitted.
It's wild to me that on both Windows and OSX that something that is obviously just personal preference is baked into the operating system, with no method for changing it. It's on the same level as having an operating system that didn't let you change your desktop background.
As soon as you realize that changing rasterization strategies alters the bounding box of character textures, and that a lot of UI positions are hardcoded, it makes sense.
Third-party apps, on the other hand, do seem rife with clipped text, even in English at nonstandard DPIs.
Edit: Ah, this was already said by the existing sibling comment.