I remember back in the 90's, when Intel was going to introduce a unique identifier in their processors that could be used for authentication purposes, it caused a huge uproar and Intel backed down. [0] Having a hardware embedded unique ID that can be (is) used for tracking a known persons location at all times is probably the most intrusive privacy violation we've ever had. That we willingly carry these things around…
A bit of unnecessary FUD alarmism here. Seems like today's answer is no, probably not. It's just very difficult, requiring (i.e.) policy changes and mass adoption and transparent phone companies willing to not do dirty things with cellphones. I still think humanity can figure something out, people just have to step up.