There are definitely factors that make comparing these salaries difficult, but some of the things you listed just simply don't apply to most Software Engineers. Most jobs will offer you good health care for free, not deducted from your wages. Also most jobs won't deduct sick days from your salary and even though 2 weeks is more standard for holidays here I've found that getting more vacation days is not that difficult (depends on the job). As far as retirement, I'm not sure how Social Security compares to whatever pension payments your talking about, or 401k matching that many employers do (still required for you to put money in). But the OP said salaries
excluding taxes, I would imagine whatever social safety net is in place would be taken out of your wages in taxes, right? Or maybe the business themselves provide most of this money for pensions and such? Again, not sure how that all works there.
This is all from the perspective of a "Software Engineer", most of what you said would definitely apply to a lower wage job, but not something that's specialized and in demand.
What definitely does factor in is cost of living. The rents i saw listed in some comments are 3 to 4 times lower then what I'm paying in NYC. Also general cost of living outside of that is far cheaper from the numbers I see listed, though that's harder to compare because I don't know how other commenters live, for example I eat out mostly, cook once in awhile. But, I know it's definitely possible to live more cheaply then I do and still end up alright, though it would require more sacrifices (i.e. I can imagine spending half of what I do in rent and general costs and still get by ok).
In short, yah there are differences, but I don't think the main ones are what you listed.