Earlier quoted context omitted.
NTFS has a database, the MFT. It can index attributes, such as file names, which are a b+tree. A file's $DATA is also placed into the MFT, unless it doesn't fit, then NTFS allocates virtual cluster numbers (more MFT attributes) which point to the on-disk data structure of the file. All files are represented in a table with rows and columns. "Directories" simply have a special "directory = true" attribute in a row (si…
The newest Microsoft filesystem, ReFS, remove the MFT. Because it created a lot of problems.
Please elaborate.
NTFS is still the better choice for common desktop usage. ReFS goals are centered around data integrity but it comes at the cost of performance.