Earlier quoted context omitted.
“1/2” is a string. So “1/2”+1 is either an error because of datetype mismatch (which is terrible UX for a spreadsheet or going to mean one of the following to scenarios: Date plus a day “1/2” concatenates with “1” The latter is wrong, the former, while unexpected, does kind of make the most sense here.
Why would you favour "date plus a day" rather than "number plus a number"? I agree Excel has to guess, and in isolation guessing that "1/2" should be parsed a date is not a terrible choice, and that parsing the individual components separately is simpler and more predictable than using the full context that it's about to be added to a number. But evaluating to 1.5 would raise few eyebrows.
Date is a number though. It’s only when we print them in a human readable way that they become anything else.
Whereas 1/2 is an expression.