Earlier quoted context omitted.
This is not caused by companies. This is caused by individual homeowners exerting local control over the amount of housing in their small local area. The few companies making money off this are just piggy-backing on the homeowners who drive the political process. Private equity saw what homeowners have done in the US and thought "hey we can benefit from this regulatory capture without even having to do any of the wor…
Private equity may own a fairly small amount of the total housing stock, but there are metros where 20+% of home sales over the last year or two were to investors. That's surely enough to distort the market.
Unless they are systematically paying above market, which is what Zillow did (for a tiny tiny number of homes, relative to supply). Which would be a transfer of wealth from Private Equity to individual home buyers.
Housing is one of the least centralized markets that we have, and even when ownership is highly concentrated in a market, it's very rare that pricing can be controlled by an entity. Even the widely publicized "pricing software" for rentals was just better at showing comparable apartments with less work, enabling price discovery. It didn't enable price collusion.
The shortage of housing and resulting high prices are best understood (IMHO) through class politics, where class is defined as already owning a housing asset or not.