Earlier quoted context omitted.
Even double blinded randomized cross over trials only shows associations. That doesn’t mean you can’t make reasonable casual inferences after looking at the balance of evidence. Else we couldn’t even infer that smoking causes cancer, something most people have to bite the bullet on when they denounce nutrition science.
? You can show causation by having a test group and a control group. Just get N people. Have the control group eat pot cooked popcorn and have the experimental group eat microwave. You can’t get causation by just observing, but once you are willing to make someone do something, then it’s pretty easy to arrive at. I tried to verify the GP quote but actually couldn’t find it in the study - but if it’s true, people who…
"Research suggests that people who regularly consume microwave popcorn have markedly higher levels of PFAS in their bodies. A study published in 2019 analyzed a decade of data about the eating habits of 10,000 people, which was collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 2003 and 2014. Blood samples from the study participants were also collected. The researchers found that people who ate microwave popcorn every day over the course of a year had levels of PFAS that were up to 63% higher than average."