Earlier quoted context omitted.
The normalized data is the index. It can still be pointing to the raw data. The nice thing is that the index organizes the data in a way that makes it easily (lossless) compressible.
> It can still be pointing to the raw data. Yep. Each SAX word should be mapped to the list of seriesid:timestamp pairs. This list is often referred as postings list in information retrieval. The resulting data-structure is an inverted index. SAX and iSAX papers describes inverted index variant (really bad one) based on folder structure but one can use convenient IR tools for this.
The thing is, particularly with time series data, a lot of times it is sufficient to at least start with the summary data in the index.