Ignore everything about the way the Docker
daemon is currently implemented; it's irrelevant to what Docker is. Docker is a
container file-format standard (and a container registry-service protocol), allowing you to build single VM-like images on one computer, and then run them on another, with the only thing in common being that they both support "Docker container format."
Right now, the only thing that supports Docker container format is Linux's dockerd implementation, which happens to use LXC+AUFS. Later on, Docker containers could be deployed "baked" into Xen images, or (if all the code inside them is architecture-neutral) deployed onto a FreeBSD dockerd that uses jails, etc.
Docker is about the tools to construct and manage containers, not the specific technology behind the deploy-target; the deploy-target is effectively commoditized by having a common container format!