Earlier quoted context omitted.
They claimed to be importing fuel into the US that was actually produced in the US.
Each time the loaded train crossed the border the cargo earned its owner a certain amount of Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs), which were awarded by the US EPA to “promote and track production and importation of renewable fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel.” The RINs were supposed to be retired each time the shipment passed the border, but due to a glitch not all of them were. This enabled Bioversal to accumu…
When this is investigated by the EPA OIG (http://www.epa.gov/oig/), the chronology of the fault/exploit/fraud will be investigated along with the parties involved.
This may have involved bits of inside information such as company X hires former enforcement regulator Y from government agency Z who details the precise nature of how various governmental systems work. The possible permutations of how this situation evolved are many.
From my relatively uninformed perspective, the initial read of the article gives me the impression that this is an intentionally fraudulent scheme and criminal manipulation of the government program by the companies involved. However, I clearly do not have enough information to make such a determination.
You can bet the EPA OIG and their Canadian equivalent are going to try to get to the bottom of this.