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Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

arxiv.org

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Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#71

Earlier quoted context omitted.

"Would love to see an architecture that learned" Would be a far more accurate statement. Training != Learning.

Do you have an example of an algorithm that learns, rather than is trained/trains itself? I don’t really see the boundary between the two concepts.

[deleted]

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#72

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Do you have an example of an algorithm that learns, rather than is trained/trains itself? I don’t really see the boundary between the two concepts.

If we make some massive physics breakthrough tommrow is an LLM going to be able to fully integrate that into its current data set? Or will we need to produce a host of documents and (re)train a new one in order for the concept to be deeply integrated. This distinction is subtle but lost on many who think that our current path will get us to AGI... That isn't to say we haven't created a meaningful tool but the sooner…

What is the subtle distinction? I'm "many" and it's not clear at all here. If we had some massive physics breakthrough, the LLM needs to be tought about it, but so do people. Teaching people about it would involve producing a host of documents in some format but that's also true of teaching people. Training and learning here seem to be opposite ends of the same verb no matter the medium, but I'm open to being enlightened.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#73
post #72

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If we make some massive physics breakthrough tommrow is an LLM going to be able to fully integrate that into its current data set? Or will we need to produce a host of documents and (re)train a new one in order for the concept to be deeply integrated. This distinction is subtle but lost on many who think that our current path will get us to AGI... That isn't to say we haven't created a meaningful tool but the sooner…

What is the subtle distinction? I'm "many" and it's not clear at all here. If we had some massive physics breakthrough, the LLM needs to be tought about it, but so do people. Teaching people about it would involve producing a host of documents in some format but that's also true of teaching people. Training and learning here seem to be opposite ends of the same verb no matter the medium, but I'm open to being enlight…

Not sure exactly what the parent comment intended, but it does seem to me that it's harder for an LLM to undergo a paradigm shift than for humans. If some new scientific result disproves something that's been stated in a whole bunch of papers, how does the model know that all those old papers are wrong? Do we withhold all those old papers in the next training run, or apply a super heavy weight somehow to the new one, or just throw them all in the hopper and hope for the best?

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Do you have an example of an algorithm that learns, rather than is trained/trains itself? I don’t really see the boundary between the two concepts.

If we make some massive physics breakthrough tommrow is an LLM going to be able to fully integrate that into its current data set? Or will we need to produce a host of documents and (re)train a new one in order for the concept to be deeply integrated. This distinction is subtle but lost on many who think that our current path will get us to AGI... That isn't to say we haven't created a meaningful tool but the sooner…

Why is retraining not allowed in this scenario? Yes, the model will know the breakthrough if you retrain. If you force the weights to stay static by fiat, then sure it's harder for them to learn, and will need go learn in-context or whatever. But that's true for you as well. If your brain is not allowed to update any connections I'm not sure how much you can learn either.

The reason that the models don't learn continuously is because it's currently prohibitively expensive. Imagine OpenAI retraining a model each time one of its 800m users sends a message. That'd make it aware instantly of every new development in the world or your life without any context engineering. There's a research gap here too but that'll be fixed with time and money.

But it's not a fundamental limitation of transformers as you make it out to be. To me it's just that things take time. The exact same architecture will be continuously learning in 2-3 years, and all the "This is the wrong path" people will need to shift goalposts. Note that I didn't argue for AGI, just that this isn't a fundamental limitiation.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#75
post #37
post #34

Earlier quoted context omitted.

"an architecture that learned more like humans" i.e. enduring countless generations of evolutionary selection and cross breeding, then fine-tuning a bit? although it could be interesting, i don't think training on progressively complex strings entirely recapitulates this.

That’s a very interesting take. I hadn’t really considered evolution I guess if you really wanted to start from scratch, you could figure out how to evolve the whole system from a single cell or something like that. In some ways neural networks have kind of evolved in that way, assisted by humans. They started with a single perceptron, and have gone all the way to deep learning and convolutional networks I also remem…

How much compute does simulating the earth for 4.7 billion years at atomic precision take? Why would that be more efficient than current approaches? Evolutionary algorithms work but are extremely inefficient, we don't have the compute to evolve even a single bacteria, let alone the whole history of the planet so we can arrive at human-like species.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#76

Because they produce output probabilistically, when multiplication is deterministic. Why is this so hard for everyone?

Transformers do just fine on many deterministic tasks, and are not necessarily probabilistic. This is not the issue at all. So, it's hard for everyone else because they're not confidently wrong like you are.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#77
post #10

Would love to see an architecture that learned more like humans. Start with just imitating one letter, then a few more, than some syllables, then full words, then sentences, etc. Progressively adding on top of previous knowledge Also, it’s interesting that one of the big goals/measures of models is their capacity to “generalize”, but the training methods optimize for loss/accuracy, and only after training test for ge…

Would like to see a car that moved like a horse.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#78
post #10

Would love to see an architecture that learned more like humans. Start with just imitating one letter, then a few more, than some syllables, then full words, then sentences, etc. Progressively adding on top of previous knowledge Also, it’s interesting that one of the big goals/measures of models is their capacity to “generalize”, but the training methods optimize for loss/accuracy, and only after training test for ge…

Would like to see a car that moved like a horse.

yeah me too that would be fucking awesome, are you kidding?

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#79
post #42

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It doesn't work like mapping CPU caches/registers into an LLM context. Transformers have no mutable registers, they attend over past tokens and can't update prior state. RAG isn't RAM. Even with huge context, you still can't step CPU style instructions without an external, read/write memory/tooling. And temperature 0 makes outputs deterministic, not magically correct.

> And temperature 0 makes outputs deterministic, not magically correct. For reasons I don't claim to really understand, I don't think it even makes them deterministic. Floating point something something? I'm not sure temperature even has a static technical definition or implementation everywhere at this point. I've been ignoring temperature and using nucleus sampling anywhere that's exposed and it seems to work bette…

It's partly because floating point math is not associative and GPU inference doesn't guarantee all the steps will be done in the same order.

Re: Why can't transformers learn multiplication?

#80
post #14

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, I also wonder about this! Progress from children books to scientific papers etc. Could it learn e.g. language structure faster in a pre-training stage? Also somehow one needs to define a proxy to generalization to compute a loss and do backpropagation.

This field of study is known as "Curriculum Learning" for your Googling pleasure (or I guess ChatGPT Deep Research now).

Probably don’t need the name of the field for ChatGPT to get it.
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