Not a paper, but 2×3×5×7×11×13 + 1 = 59×509 is a short counter example to the widespread misconception that adding one to the product of the first n consecutive prime numbers always yields a prime number. The reason you get away with this in the infinitely-many-prime-numbers proof is that the new number may not be prime, but can be written as a product of primes that are distinct from the first n primes. Thus you sti…
Is it really a "widespread misconception"? Anyone who spends just a little time on this will notice, even without a strong mathematics background.
Phil Plait used to complain about people who told him the moon wasn't visible during the day.