Live data from Hacker News

Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

usgs.gov

71–80 of 83 posts

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#71
post #4

My dad used to make this argument: of all the millions of footprints that humans made, after arriving in North America, what is the likelihood that we found the very first of those footprints? The point is, whatever evidence we find, it's unreasonable to think that evidence we've found is the first evidence that existed, so we have to assume the real arrival was a bit before that. When we had evidence of humans arriv…

Technically true but wrong. If your oldest Facebook post is from 2015, how likely is it that you've been using the internet before 2005?! Archeologists are very smart people in their own right, some are much smarter than we are. They do consider everything that we think they haven't. Let's give some benefit of the doubt to our fellow researchers.

Facebook usage isn’t a good metric. My first post was in 2008 but had been using the internet since the early 1980s.

There were these early internet tribes called researchers ;)

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#72
post #17

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I first joined facebook in 2009, but have been on the internet since 1991. You might counter that facebook only started in 2004, and didn't get much traction until 2006. But I was invited before that and simply didn't care to join, preferring to occupy other parts of the `net. Likewise, Clovis artifacts all date from after the peak of the last ice age, when glaciers were melting, land routes were opening, and sea lev…

you were using what network protocol stack in 1991 ? Banyan "vines" or token-ring ?

I was running a full TCP/IP stack (ka9q[0]) across over single-mode fiber via a 10MB/Sec ethernet interface on my IBM PC/XT clone in 1990.

I also used some higher-level stuff like telnet, FTP (sites mostly found via anonymous FTP lists), nntp, smtp, gopher, archie and veronica.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KA9Q

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#73

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Coastal foraging? Why can't they just fish? There are lots of fish in those northern reaches today, I assume there would have been even more back then. And fish doesn't necessarily have to be cooked, so no requirement to stop to make fires.

Note that the phrase "coastal foraging" typically implies fishing and the exploitation of other littoral/marine resources. Anyway, the current understanding of the paleoclimate is that entire region between approximately Valdez and Vancouver Island was entirely covered by glaciers out to the edge of continental shelf until ~18kya. Lesnek et al has some good diagrams [1]. Living exclusively off deep-sea marine resourc…

A doco I watched a while back suggested they could have used seal blubber and oil lamps as a source of heat to melt ice for water.

The boat would be hauled onto the ice and turned upside down to form a shelter in remote spots.

Fishing and hunting for seals would have provided the food as they went.

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#74
Alaskan cave with a human-worked jaw bone of a Yukon horse, radiocarbon dated to 24,000 BP c. 1979; confirmed in 2017.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluefish_Caves]

[https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal...]

[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/jacques-cinq-m...]

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#75

Alaskan cave with a human-worked jaw bone of a Yukon horse, radiocarbon dated to 24,000 BP c. 1979; confirmed in 2017. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluefish_Caves ] [ https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal... ] [ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/jacques-cinq-m... ]

The linked article has a footprint in New Mexico 23,000 years ago, whereas your link is in the top of Alaska at 24,000 years ago. It sounds like filling in the middle will be quite exciting!

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#76

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Just to clarify: you're saying that genetic analysis appears to rule out current natives being (at least partially) descended from a pre-clovis population?

Correct. The evidence isn't exactly overflowing but what little there is indicates the Clovis migration was not a peaceful one and existing populations either met a violent end or were forced to move to areas where their populations couldn't be sustained and slowly died out. The parallels to the European genocide of Native Americans has significant consequences to two groups of people. The first is the white supremac…

I don’t understand how it would be possible for the Clovis culture to conquer an earlier people without leaving a genetic record. I mean we even have Neanderthal DNA in each of us. Surely they would have intermingled?

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#77
post #67

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That's a good point. Generally, I'd say that any group of Native Americans (or folks who profit from them either emotionally or financially) wants to be thought of as the 'first' people who ever lived on that piece of land. Perhaps they popped up from the earth like the skeletons in Jason and the Argonauts. There's a legitimacy angle here that's become super important in the last decade or so. Then there's the argume…

I still don't understand why the question of originality or whatever is anything but a red herring. Europeans came and nearly wiped out the existing peoples and destroyed their cultures. Are we really going to split hairs and say that's a fine and dandy thing to have done? Because if so you'll have to follow it up with an argument for why that same logic does not apply to a hypothetical future invader of the United S…

>Europeans came and nearly wiped out the existing peoples

The existing peoples wiped out the existing peoples in many cases.

What this all rotates around is a simplistic (and Victorian) view of 'peoples'. 'Red' = the Americas, 'White' = Europe, 'Black' = Africa, etc.

Truth is, a Navajo is not a Hopi, a Celt is not a Saxon is not a Norman. Most of these current fights are simply wordgames played to achieve political power or to suit some peoples' needs for self-flagellation.

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#78
post #61

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That's a good point. Generally, I'd say that any group of Native Americans (or folks who profit from them either emotionally or financially) wants to be thought of as the 'first' people who ever lived on that piece of land. Perhaps they popped up from the earth like the skeletons in Jason and the Argonauts. There's a legitimacy angle here that's become super important in the last decade or so. Then there's the argume…

Are you referring to the ethnic cleansings performed by the US government in the 19th century? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_Walk_of_the_Navajo

You'd have to ask what the Navajo did to the Pueblo People who they displaced.

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#79
post #76

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Correct. The evidence isn't exactly overflowing but what little there is indicates the Clovis migration was not a peaceful one and existing populations either met a violent end or were forced to move to areas where their populations couldn't be sustained and slowly died out. The parallels to the European genocide of Native Americans has significant consequences to two groups of people. The first is the white supremac…

I don’t understand how it would be possible for the Clovis culture to conquer an earlier people without leaving a genetic record. I mean we even have Neanderthal DNA in each of us. Surely they would have intermingled?

To the best of my knowledge we don't have a good explanation yet. Maybe the genetic evidence is there but so scant we don't recognize it.

Re: Fossil footprints reveal humans in North America earlier than previously thought

#80
post #76

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Correct. The evidence isn't exactly overflowing but what little there is indicates the Clovis migration was not a peaceful one and existing populations either met a violent end or were forced to move to areas where their populations couldn't be sustained and slowly died out. The parallels to the European genocide of Native Americans has significant consequences to two groups of people. The first is the white supremac…

I don’t understand how it would be possible for the Clovis culture to conquer an earlier people without leaving a genetic record. I mean we even have Neanderthal DNA in each of us. Surely they would have intermingled?

One answer would be that there was no conquering. That could happen via a few possibilities:

1. pre-Clovis people were so thinly spread that Clovis was able to just fill in the gaps

2. pre-Clovis people had actually essentially become extinct before Clovis arrived. It's not easy to see how that would be the case in a continent(s) of this size, but not actually implausible.

3. as a combination of the two, pre-Clovis culture was completely nomadic, and their constant migration kept them out of the way of Clovis until a point where their population was so diminished as to leave no descendants, even via inter-breeding.

Post reply on HN