It seems to be a political thing, running during the last hundred years or so. The left likes the
tabula rasa approach: if everybody can be a genius, then we need to have a public education system that equalizes the chances. The right prefers the genetic explanation, because it justifies that rich people keep their fortunes in the family: intelligent people's sons are more likely to be intelligent, so it makes sense to offer them a better education to develop their intelligence and means to create companies that they will direct better than anyone else.
In my opinion, both models are bullshit. To develop talent you need both genes and environment. I believe that's becoming one of those things that you can't say:
http://www.paulgraham.com/say.html
The most progressive the environment, the most politically incorrect is to mention that you need some inherited muscle.