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Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

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Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#73
post #62

> And yes, I'm definitely interested in doing video As someone familiar with the libraries space, I'd actually be very interested in seeing a machine learning model that could deal with "cleaning up" old film (I've actually brought this up w/ several of my ML friends occasionally). One of the biggest challenges in the world of media preservation is migrating analogue content to digital media before physical deteriora…

I believe that Peter Jackson's recent endeavour in cleaning up WW1 footage employs significant ML for de-noising, frame interpolation, and colorising. I haven't seen the final film, but some of the clips are staggeringly good: https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-45884501/pete... Edit: Here's maybe a better link -- https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-45803977/pete...

Thanks for posting this, it's incredible work!

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#74
As amazingly plausible the pictures look, I personally have some dislike towards such applications (nothing against the author of course, just about ML in general) because I always feel a bit as if I'm being duped by the neural net. When I see image restoration, I'm subconsciously expecting historical fidelity even if I'm just marveling at the nice colorization. But of course such historical accuracy is not the primary goal of the GAN.

Maybe another cool avenue to explore would be combining models like this with some NLP approach that parses a historian's rough description of how the scene should be colored and biases the generator with prior information that way. (Maybe related to visual question answering or something.)

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#75
This is great work! And,

> The model loves blue clothing. Not quite sure what the answer is yet, but I'll be on the lookout for a solution!

Just throwing a thought out here that you might have considered, but, maybe it's because traditional black-and-white film is over-sensitive to blue? It's why when one uses traditional black and white films one usually uses at least a yellow filter and if you have blue sky in a shot you use a red filter. This may or may not be useful; either way, keep up the awesome work!

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#76
post #47
post #42

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You probably need an enormous GPU (24GB RAM) as well to make as large model as possible for as good generalization as you can (there are so many different types of objects/surfaces/fabric and their compositions).

Something amusing about needing a ridiculously large model to claim good generalization. Analytical models typically go the other way, right?

It's Deep Learning, not much to do with any analytical model, it's not thinking like a human :-(. Recently even good NLP processing needs 24GB+ for training (won't fit into 16GB), a good quality colorizing (no spills, natural colors) could be expected to be as demanding.

From the article:

"BEEFY Graphics card. I'd really like to have more memory than the 11 GB in my GeForce 1080TI (11GB). You'll have a tough time with less. The Unet and Critic are ridiculously large but honestly I just kept getting better results the bigger I made them."

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#77
post #68

When I saw "restoring" in the title I was expecting higher resolution. For example seeing in modern photo level detail eyelashes, wrinkles, etc. I get that, like the colors, this would require the adding lots of made up information about scene and feature details but IMO it would blur the lines between restoration and reconstruction/storytelling in a really awesome way. Old photos are cool in their own way but their…

There reminds me of a recent 99% Invisible episode [1] in which they discuss the same topic in the world of dinosaurs. It details how dinosaurs used to be depicted with the goal of only showing the things that we are confident in being true (although what we are confident in obviously changes over time). This results in mostly just greenish-brown skin draped over a muscle structure attached to the fossilized skeleton…

Hah yeah I just listened to that a couple days ago but didn't make the connection. Probably was rattling around my subconscious when I wrote this question because yeah it is very similar. That's a particularly interesting comparison too because the whole point was that just filling in conservatively based on experience misses a ton a real-world crazy and interesting diversity. The best example was how if we were imagining what elephants looked like just based on their fossilized skeletons, they wouldn't have trunks!

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#78
post #62

> And yes, I'm definitely interested in doing video As someone familiar with the libraries space, I'd actually be very interested in seeing a machine learning model that could deal with "cleaning up" old film (I've actually brought this up w/ several of my ML friends occasionally). One of the biggest challenges in the world of media preservation is migrating analogue content to digital media before physical deteriora…

I believe that Peter Jackson's recent endeavour in cleaning up WW1 footage employs significant ML for de-noising, frame interpolation, and colorising. I haven't seen the final film, but some of the clips are staggeringly good: https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-45884501/pete... Edit: Here's maybe a better link -- https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-45803977/pete...

I'm actually not sure much ML was involved here - depends where you draw the line I guess, but denoising and interpolation for restoration typically use more traditional wavelet and optical flow algorithms. The work for this was done by Park Road Post and StereoD, which are established post-production facilities using fairly off-the-shelf image processing software. The colorisation likely leant heavily on manual rotoscoping, in the same way that post-conversion to stereo 3D does.

I'd love to hear otherwise but I'm not aware of any commercial "machine learning" for post-production aside from the Nvidia Optix denoiser and one early beta of an image segmentation plugin.

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#79
post #76
post #47

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Something amusing about needing a ridiculously large model to claim good generalization. Analytical models typically go the other way, right?

It's Deep Learning, not much to do with any analytical model, it's not thinking like a human :-(. Recently even good NLP processing needs 24GB+ for training (won't fit into 16GB), a good quality colorizing (no spills, natural colors) could be expected to be as demanding. From the article: "BEEFY Graphics card. I'd really like to have more memory than the 11 GB in my GeForce 1080TI (11GB). You'll have a tough time wit…

I get that. I just have a hard time thinking that is "generalizing" the model, so much as making the model all encompassing.

Re: Colorizing and restoring old images with deep learning

#80
post #50
post #37

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Author here- So I'll just be brutally honest on that one- not all renders are doing that. I cherry picked the one that did that because yeah, it's amazing. There's a simple explanation for why it sometimes doesn't pick up on the guy on tv to color it- The source material is fuzzy and small. I wish I could claim it was something more awesome than that but that's the truth! I'm treating these outputs as an art of selec…

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