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Metal foam obliterates bullets

phys.org

71–80 of 89 posts

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#71

I read about it as a child. On earth, molten metals readily lose gas by the force of gravity, but in space, you can easily make metal foams that will be very strong and light. Sounds like a good material for spacecrafts. Also, how about glass foam? I imagine you can blow large and cheap hulls from foamed molten glass.

bubbling asteroids :)

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#72

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That would be outstanding if it could ... talk about the perfect material for shielding supercritical spacecraft components. Radiation resistance, projectile resistance, lighter than normal metal, temperature resistant... What's not to like?

You still need to make it fit, and this shielding may require more volume and more mass than a Whipple shield.

I was thinking of a small amount to protect supercritical components; navigation computers, comms, life support (if applicable); not necessarily the entire spacecraft.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#73

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Better start with four so you're ready for the next shielding upgrade.

How about 180? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xe-QP8s1ZJc

I've seen that before and I am so disappointed in the slow motion part. I wish I could see those bullets going one behind the other in a perfect 8 pattern.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#74
post #66
post #29

This doesn't have much in the way of interesting details, you need to go to the paper for that. The armour is a composite sandwich, with boron carbide on the front face (a hard ceramic), followed by the metal foam, and either aluminium or kevlar on the rear face. The boron carbide layer blunts the bullet and distributes the compressive stress over a large area of the metal foam. The metal foam is made of 2mm-diameter…

There's a 4th layer: The whole thing is vacuum-wrapped in epoxy-fiberglass composite to catch spall.

Because I imagine I wasn't the only one with no clue what "spall" was:

> Spall are flakes of a material that are broken off a larger solid body and can be produced by a variety of mechanisms, including as a result of projectile impact, corrosion, weathering, cavitation, or excessive rolling pressure (as in a ball bearing)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spall

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#75
post #66
post #29

This doesn't have much in the way of interesting details, you need to go to the paper for that. The armour is a composite sandwich, with boron carbide on the front face (a hard ceramic), followed by the metal foam, and either aluminium or kevlar on the rear face. The boron carbide layer blunts the bullet and distributes the compressive stress over a large area of the metal foam. The metal foam is made of 2mm-diameter…

There's a 4th layer: The whole thing is vacuum-wrapped in epoxy-fiberglass composite to catch spall.

Odd that the video doesn't seem to catch spall then.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#76

Would this be effective against micrometeoroids and orbital debris?

That would be a winning application. Something that I expect you could get NASA/SpaceX on board with, send some sheets up as ride along payloads for a resupply mission, put them in the bay behind the Dragon module on the second stage with some cameras, then use dragon as an uplink to look for space debris impact on the second stage as it re-enters and monitor the results. I would have to know more about what is available in the remains of the second stage to know how much mass you would end up adding for the experiment but I expect it would be less than a couple of kilograms.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#77

Earlier quoted context omitted.

No. You're confusing consistency with accuracy . To hit someone in the eye, you've got to aim at their eye and land a round there. That is, accuracy at hitting a pre-specified target. To hit armour in the same location twice, you need either two (or more rounds) delivered consistently on whatever happens to be where the first round lands . It's a case where being a Texas Sharpshooter actually works (painting bullseye…

At that point, wouldn't it be easier and just as effective to use a single, larger round? .50-cal rifles already exist; no need to invent a big bullet that turns into two smaller bullets. (Unless you mean something that starts out the same size as the one in the video, in which case I can't imagine that two halves of a .30-06 would penetrate any better than one whole .30-06.)

For anti-tank munitions two rounds work much better than a single larger round - the reactive armor is able to defend even against the larger round, but once it is hit once, it is gone from that spot until maintenance. E.g. the recent Ukraine conflict experience shows that many types of weapons can achieve successful penetration when (and only when) hitting essentially the same spot a second time.

And of course there are things like RPG-30 Kryuk to exploit that - fires two rounds, the first, triggering round is small and just enough to trigger the protective armor, and they're both fired at once from the same device to ensure that they hit the same spot just one of them tuned to hit juuuust a bit before the main round.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#78
post #75
post #66

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There's a 4th layer: The whole thing is vacuum-wrapped in epoxy-fiberglass composite to catch spall.

Odd that the video doesn't seem to catch spall then.

Catching spall on the back side of the barrier is the important bit.

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#79
post #61

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Presumably very expensive and one-time usable. I guess that's true of most types of armour anyway.

Dragon Skin ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_Skin ) claimed to withstand multiple hits without loss of performance, although there was some controversy around it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYaSRIbPWkM&nohtml5=False

Given that it weighed ~50 pounds and failed in a variety of environmental conditions, it's no surprise it wasn't adopted.

[1] " rel="nofollow">https://www.quora.com/Why-was-Dragon-Skin-armor-rejected-by-...

Re: Metal foam obliterates bullets

#80
post #64
post #20

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I thought the slats were to provide stand off distance for explosively formed projectiles. If the explosively formed jet forms more than a few inches from the armor, it's way less effective.

Nope, we had them in Iraq before EFPs were really a thing (Thanks Iranain Quds Force for that). They were specifically for RPGs, which was one of the few things that could take out a Stryker without it. They even tried those Soviet parachute anti-tank grenades, but the Stryker is much faster than a tank and just moved away in time. That being said, the I'm sure this slat (birdcage as we called it) armor would help wi…

I thought an RPG _was_ an EFP? The round is just a shaped charge with a copper liner that penetrates the armour. So the slatted armour stops both RPGs and EFP-based IEDs.
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