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Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

economist.com

651–660 of 817 posts

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#651

Housing in the US has gotten to where it is due to horrible laws effectively allowing total tax avoidance for landlords. Take some investment property. You buy it at some basis price, let's say 500k. You rent it out for 15k a year. Each year you can offset your rental income against deprecation of the property and property taxes - meaning, you pay no income tax on your rental income. ~30 years later, you've deprecate…

You don't write off your rental income. You depreciate the rental property over 27½ years and write that off against your rental income. Few rental properties will have under a 3.7% ROI where depreciation would cover all the income. At best you might be paying half tax. In your example, you'd pay no tax, but you'd lose out on the potential income you could have had with better investments (and lose about 6 years' wor…

> Depreciation is very fundamental to business tax law. I'm not sure how you'd "fix" that without penalizing non-rental companies for expanding.

You can fix it by only deprecating the original cost. A person who buys a 50 year old house shouldn't be able to depreciate a second time, (then next owner again)

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#652

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Again, there’s the idea that wages and businesses produce nothing. They don’t.

Yes, businesses produce actual value. The problem is in what you're diverting from , the ground rents extracted by artificial housing supply constraints. Whether you pay your landlord $X or $Y has zero direct effect on the total amount of real goods and services produced and consumed by the economy as a whole, it's purely redistributive. So if you reduce the total amount of rents paid to landlords, you are enriching…

Exactly, it’s redistributive to the public good. That is, productive.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#653
post #628

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The mortgage interest deduction is for your primary home. Investment property mortgage interest is a business expense

It's wild to me that Americans can deduct mortgage interest from their tax bill ...

I think Japan and the Netherlands have something similar.

It’s fairly limited in Japan at least, but it does a lot to offset property taxes.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#654
post #416
post #377

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We need a third party to validate both of your claims, because I don't know where to start to understand who is right. This is an example of someone (me) who wants to understand the issue, but would need to google for days to understand both arguments.

The rebuttal by mminer237 is much closer to right [0]. Also it isn't even as good as mminer237 mentions, as many states also have a much lower exemption, and there is work in congress to get rid of the step-up in basis (a bad thing, imo) and to reduce the $12MM lifetime gift & estate exemption (a very good thing). So yes, there are some advantages, but OP is vastly exaggerating as if it is some freebie to landlords w…

It may not be a freebie for landlords, but it is much more "cost neutral" or "tax neutral" to own an investment property than to own a primary residence. Consider:

Investment property:

* Deduct maintenance costs

* Deduct insurance costs

* Deduct property taxes

* Deduct mortgage closing costs

* Deduct mortgage interest

* Deduct HOA dues

* Deduct property management fees

* Take advantage of depreciation deductions

* Avoid paying cap gains taxes on sale using 1031 exchanges

Primary residence:

* Deduct property taxes (only on federal taxes, and only up to $10k, assuming you don't have other SALT to deduct)

* Deduct mortgage interest (only up to a loan value of $750k)

* Avoid paying up to $250k in cap gains taxes on sale

Doesn't that seem incredibly lopsided to you? The current tax regime makes it very attractive to own an investment property, but a basic need -- housing! -- doesn't give you much in the way of tax breaks. And the breaks that are there, are capped.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#655

Earlier quoted context omitted.

A commonsense way to describe what you just said is that homeowners are more stable and stationary and therefore more invested in the long-term future of their communities than renters are, which is an argument that urbanists laugh at, but one that seems very clearly to be true. I think people basically know this, if they're allowed to be honest with themselves. Nobody who ever lived in a college dorm and then spent…

As long as people can't afford to buy they're "less invested" so no reason to address housing affordability... In the modern housing market that's a self fulfilling prophecy. How about that principle of one person, one vote.

> How about that principle of one person, one vote.

Reality, in my view, is absolutely chock-full of contradictions. I believe in the principle of one person, one vote; and I believe that what I said above happens also to be true. The dialectic doesn't care that we might wish things were simpler or more straightforward.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#656
post #418

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Thank you. > If you want a general complaint, perhaps the angle is that capital is taxed much less than labor, under some notion that lower taxation is necessary to get people with capitol to actually deploy it in investments. Yes, I recall when cap gains taxes dropped significantly during GWB and was, sadly, happy. Of course, I was just a dumb 20-something and didn't realize how much of boon to the wealthy it was.

It's a boon to anyone whose job was created by it as well, and whose life was made cheaper by capital investments in automation and/or scale.

Do we actually have strong evidence that these sorts of tax breaks actually stimulate this kind of economic activity to the degree where it's actually worth it?

It... doesn't seem like we do? I mean, it's not like pre-1990 we had skyrocketing unemployment and underinvestment in business, and lowering capital gains taxes fixed it.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#657
post #46

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Definitely not that simple. To use your same argument though, it’s not just homeowners - it’s homeowners and aspiring homeowners . Which is nearly everyone.

The longer I live the more I am finding the universe is working on extremely simple few principles; their relations create complexity. Aspiring homeowners will never become homeowners if the price is exclusionary. Take SF: with average salary of 75-79K, the apartment cost starts from 1.1M. Only 8% has salary > than 100K, that makes the remaining 92% the "aspiring" homeowners. They will stay "aspiring" for the rest of…

I know I’m just ranting into the wind, but I wish it was illegal/ban-able to bring up the Bay Area (and NYC and Austin) in high-level discussions of the American real estate market.

It just kills the discussion because it’s such an outlier.

I would not be a popular king, but it’s better to be feared than loved, I guess. I do understand what site I’m on.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#658

Housing in the US has gotten to where it is due to horrible laws effectively allowing total tax avoidance for landlords. Take some investment property. You buy it at some basis price, let's say 500k. You rent it out for 15k a year. Each year you can offset your rental income against deprecation of the property and property taxes - meaning, you pay no income tax on your rental income. ~30 years later, you've deprecate…

You don't write off your rental income. You depreciate the rental property over 27½ years and write that off against your rental income. Few rental properties will have under a 3.7% ROI where depreciation would cover all the income. At best you might be paying half tax. In your example, you'd pay no tax, but you'd lose out on the potential income you could have had with better investments (and lose about 6 years' wor…

Depreciation lower bound at current market value would do a lot here.

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#659
post #418

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Thank you. > If you want a general complaint, perhaps the angle is that capital is taxed much less than labor, under some notion that lower taxation is necessary to get people with capitol to actually deploy it in investments. Yes, I recall when cap gains taxes dropped significantly during GWB and was, sadly, happy. Of course, I was just a dumb 20-something and didn't realize how much of boon to the wealthy it was.

It's a boon to anyone whose job was created by it as well, and whose life was made cheaper by capital investments in automation and/or scale.

Please point to the "boon". If you mean people got to keep their jobs = boon, then I guess you are right. The problem is, wealth was transferred upstream, en masse, and not taxed anywhere near labor.

Here is some data that solidly debunks your disguised claim of "trickle down":

https://www.epi.org/publication/ceo-pay-has-grown-90-times-f...

http://www.ibew.org/media-center/Articles/19Daily/1908/19082...

Re: Housing is at the root of many of the rich world’s problems (2020)

#660
post #80

Earlier quoted context omitted.

People will naturally spend beyond their capabilities, and the entire market is built around this (loans for everything is standard now). The ONLY way to prevent this is to either stop offering loans or force savings in some way (taxes, etc). But apparently both those options are off the books.

Anti-usury laws of some kind might help too. Anything over an effective 25% APR (including one-time fees) seems like a trap. But you're right, there's no political will to do anything like this since consumer debt helps to fuel the economy.

It's not that consumer debt "helps to fuel" the economy; consumer debt is the only reason the economy hasn't collapsed in on itself already.

Henry Ford wasn't a good person. He was a rabid antisemite. But even he knew that he wouldn't be able to sell cars indefinitely if people couldn't afford to buy them, so he raised wages. The bosses, as a class, no longer have to do this. They can make enough fake money out of debt to keep their businesses alive. So that's what they're doing.

All this means we get artificial mediocre prosperity that is contingent on their piles of money getting bigger (i.e., all economic growth, meager as it has been, goes to them). And we know that they are willing to crash everything (or, to give an example that has actually happened, make lots of people sick with Covid-19) to keep themselves in charge and their piles of money growing bigger.

If the consumer debt game ended for some reason, the whole system would collapse immediately.

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