Earlier quoted context omitted.
Apparently the visible light sensor has RGB color filters. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experimentDisplay.do?id=PHILA... I would guess these are probably not a Bayer filter pattern, but filters that are mechanically swapped.
I remember having read long time ago that superposing B&W images took with those filters gives an also B&W image that our brain perceives as coloured. Does anybody know if this is correct or what's the name of that effect?
This isn't a grayscale image that our brain perceives on color, but rather several grayscale images, each colored separately to combine into a color image.
I seriously doubt an actual effect exists that makes us believe black and white images are actually colored.