Earlier quoted context omitted.
Probably the clearest example: If one company is required to clean up its waste responsibly and the other one is allowed to do whatever it wants with its waste, the unregulated company will destroy the other one (perhaps literally by burying it under a mountain of waste).
> to clean up its waste responsibly Why won't the unregulated company get sued if they dump their waste onto someone else's property (in/directly)?
It's a net-loss without some form of government regulation.