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The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

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Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#61

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I mean the admin account had visibility of clients env vars, thats maybe not really great in the first place.

you'd think. but this is a js dev world. nextjs app bake all env vars on the client side code!! it's all public, unless you prefix the name with private_ or something.

This is incorrect.

You preface with PUBLIC_ to expose them in client side code.

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#62
post #34
post #11

What bites people: rotating a vercel env variable doesn't invalidate old deployments, because previous deploys keep running with the old credential until you redeploy or delete them. So if you rotated your keys after the bulletin but didn't redeploy everything, then the compromised value is still live. Also worth checking your Google Workspace OAuth authorizations. Admin Console > Security > API Controls > Third-part…

yeah not redeploying on credential changes seems like a design flaw. Render redeploys on env var changes, for instance.

Vercel very clearly highlights that you need to redeploy once you make a credential change

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#63

> AI-accelerated tradecraft. The CEO publicly attributed the attacker's unusual velocity to AI augmentation — an early, high-profile data point in the 2026 discourse around AI-accelerated adversary tradecraft. Attributed without evidence from what I could tell. So it doesn't reveal much at all.

Seems like AI is really disrupting the markets for nonsensical excuses the media will repeat uncritically!

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#64
post #59

Funny how the headline tries to spin this as an env vars issue. By far the biggest issue is being able to access the production environment of millions of customers from a Google Workspace. Only a handful of Vercel employees should be able to do that with 2FA if not 3FA.

No one should be, why are the enverionmant variables not encrypted itself and the encryption key is stored with your oauth provider ?

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

This is just another layer of indirection (which isn't bad; it adds to the difficulty of executing a breach). The fundamental problem with encrypted secrets is that at some point you need to access and decrypt them.

HSMs & similar can at least time-limit access to secrets to the period where an attacker can make requests to the HSM.

I think the problem is the way we are using these "secrets" services traditionally. The requesting process/machine should NEVER see the Oauth client secret. The short-lived session token should be the only piece of data the server/client are ever privy too.

The service that encrypts the data should be the ONLY service that holds the private key to decrypt, and therefore the only service that can process the decrypted data.

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#66
What are these non-sensitive variables that could only be the NEXT_PUBLIC ones? else I haven’t seen any difference?

Or is it the UI sensitive that they ask you in CLI, that would be crazy. That means if you decide to not mark them as sensitive they don’t store encrypted ???

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#67
post #66

What are these non-sensitive variables that could only be the NEXT_PUBLIC ones? else I haven’t seen any difference? Or is it the UI sensitive that they ask you in CLI, that would be crazy. That means if you decide to not mark them as sensitive they don’t store encrypted ???

those are environment variables that the frontend can consume, hence the public prefix

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#68
post #26
post #9

Earlier quoted context omitted.

As someone trying to think about OAuth apps at our SaaS, it certainly is very hard. Do any marketplaces have a good approach here? I know Cloudflare, after their similar Salesloft issue, has proposed proxying all 3rd party OAuth and API traffic through them. But that feels a little bit like trading one threat vector for another. Other than standard good practices like narrow scopes, shorter expirations, maybe OAuth C…

This was probably partly a Google refresh token theft (given the length of the access). No inside info, just looking at how the attack occurred. OAuth 2.1[0] (an RFC that has been around longer than I've been at my employer) recommends some protections around refresh tokens, either making them sender constrained (tied to the client application by public/private key cryptography) or one-time use with revocation if it…

One time use of refresh tokens is really common? Where each refresh will get you a new access token AND a new refresh token?

That's standard in oidc I believe

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#69
post #8

Earlier quoted context omitted.

TFA cites "env var enumeration", likely implying someone got somewhere they shouldn't and typed 3 characters, as the critical attack that led to customers getting compromised. My point is sensitive secrets should literally never be exported into the process environment, they should be pulled directly into application memory from a file or secrets manager. It would still be a bad compromise either way, but you have a…

The following is based on my interpretation of information that's been made public: A Vercel user had their Google Workspace compromised. The attacker used the compromised workspace to connect to Vercel, via Vercel's Google sign-on option. The attacker, properly logged into the Vercel console as an employee of that company, looked at the company's projects' settings and peeked at the environment variables section, wh…

Astonishing that high damage actions were authorized by authentication delegated to Google and furthermore not subject to hard token 2FA.

Re: The Vercel breach: OAuth attack exposes risk in platform environment variables

#70

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Usually rotating a credential means that you invalidate the previous one. Never heard of rotating credentials that would only create new ones and keep the old ones active.

But then every rotation would break production, wouldn't it ?

rotations are usually two phased. Add new secret/credential to endpoint, and both new and old are active and valid. Release new secret/credential to clients of that endpoint, and wait until you dont see any requests using the old credential.

Then you remove the old credential from the endpoint.

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