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Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

letsencrypt.org

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Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#61
post #49
post #39

Earlier quoted context omitted.

... which means automation was not setup correctly and 90 days is still too long that you just tolerated it. If it was 6 days after a few turns you would have decided "fuck it I'm going to spend time fixing it once and for all".

Or perhaps, "I'm going to give up and switch to gmail once and for all"

there are other email providers, you know. the choices are not "do it all myself" and "be Google's product."

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#62

It feels like there's something of an attack vector here with cloud providers who lease IPs for hours at a time. 1. Lease IP 2. Obtain cert (verify can receive traffic to IP on port 80) 3. Give IP back 4. Cloud provider gives IP to another customer 5. Bgp attack IP with 6 days. While I support the idea of IP certs I do wonder how thought through this is and what the future consequences for security are. I agree with…

This is exactly why the LE IP certs will be limited to 6 days: this exact attack is possible today against any IP address cert, and such certs in general are allowed to have lifetimes up to 398 days. LE isn't comfortable with that situation, so IP certs will have the shortest feasible lifetimes.

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#63
post #55

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why would that matter? Replacing the cert and sighup'ing nginx or whatever isn't functionally different from doing it in-process.

As someone who has rolled my own cert updates and used Caddy, I much prefer the Caddy way.

I'm happy to agree that caddy is easier, but the claim here is that it's "tuned for short-lived certificates", which... I guess could be true, but I seriously doubt that it's meaningful (on the basis that reloading certs isn't exactly expensive on any other major web server, so even if the most obvious interpretation is true and the made it take, say, 100 ms instead of 1000 ms, but we're talking about reloading every few days, who cares?).

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#64

Kinda funny to call the current 90 day certs "long lived". When Let's Encrypted started out more than 10 years ago most certs from major vendors had a 1 year life span. Let's Encrypt was (one of) the first to use drastically shorter life spans, hence all the ACME automation effort.

To someone like me with hobby-level serving needs, the 90 day certificate life is pretty inconvenient, despite having automation set up. I run a tiny VPS that hosts basic household stuff like e-mail and a few tiny web sites for people, and letsencrypt/certbot automation around certificate renewal is the only thing that I seem to need to regularly babysit and log in to manually run/fix. Everything else just hums along…

I also use Certbot (v2.1.0) for my small VPS/hobby setup (www + email) and I haven't had to mess with it since I set it up in 2021. Just adding another data point so you know it doesn't have to be painful. I'll be happy to help, just drop me a line.

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#65
post #60

This feels like a disaster waiting to happen -- like what happens if (when?) Let's Encrypt suffers a significant outage and sites can't refresh certificates? Do we just tolerate a significant portion of the Internet being down or broken due to expired certificates? And for what tradeoff? A very small amount of extra security? Is this because certificate revocation is a harder problem to solve / implement at Internet…

A 7 day outage seems rather unlikely no?

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#66
post #60

This feels like a disaster waiting to happen -- like what happens if (when?) Let's Encrypt suffers a significant outage and sites can't refresh certificates? Do we just tolerate a significant portion of the Internet being down or broken due to expired certificates? And for what tradeoff? A very small amount of extra security? Is this because certificate revocation is a harder problem to solve / implement at Internet…

A 7 day outage seems rather unlikely no?

In average half of the certs would expire in half of the time. A 3.5 days sustained DDoS attack would cause half of the sites using a 6 day certificate to be offline.

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#67
post #23

> Our six-day certificates will not include OCSP or CRL URLs. If someone else did this, Mozilla would be threatening to remove them from their trusted roots. IP address certs sound like a security nightmare that could be subverted by BGP hijacking. Which is why most CAs don't issue them. Does accessing the ACME challenge from multiple endpoints adequately prevent this type of attack?

> IP address certs sound like a security nightmare that could be subverted by BGP hijacking. The attack scenario is exactly the same as hostname certificates, which are often validated by HTTP or TLS ACME challenges. > Does accessing the ACME challenge from multiple endpoints adequately prevent this type of attack? Yes. You'd essentially have to MitM all traffic towards the IP for it to work, and with more and more n…

Given this weakness in ACME, I don't understand why cloud providers don't provide transparent 443 proxying by default. I guess it's security theater.

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#68
post #60

This feels like a disaster waiting to happen -- like what happens if (when?) Let's Encrypt suffers a significant outage and sites can't refresh certificates? Do we just tolerate a significant portion of the Internet being down or broken due to expired certificates? And for what tradeoff? A very small amount of extra security? Is this because certificate revocation is a harder problem to solve / implement at Internet…

Fortunately, most ACME clients, including my own, support other CAs as fallbacks. (Caddy's ACME stack falls back to ZeroSSL by default, automatically.)

That, and extended week-long outages are extremely unlikely.

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#69
post #21

This will get interesting for many CT transparency monitors which for many are already seeing scalability issues. I am operating https://www.merklemap.com/ and the current scale is already impressive.

I don't know much about CT requirements, but can't they prune data out of their logs after some time? Since the certs only last 6 days, the growth of the logs can be capped at some point right? If not now, provisions for such operations could surely be implemented, I imagine.

PS. Neat site!

Re: Six day and IP address certificate options in 2025

#70
post #68
post #60

This feels like a disaster waiting to happen -- like what happens if (when?) Let's Encrypt suffers a significant outage and sites can't refresh certificates? Do we just tolerate a significant portion of the Internet being down or broken due to expired certificates? And for what tradeoff? A very small amount of extra security? Is this because certificate revocation is a harder problem to solve / implement at Internet…

Fortunately, most ACME clients, including my own, support other CAs as fallbacks. (Caddy's ACME stack falls back to ZeroSSL by default, automatically.) That, and extended week-long outages are extremely unlikely.

> That, and extended week-long outages are extremely unlikely.

You only need the outage to last for the window of [begin renewal attempts, expiration], not the entire 6d lifetime.

For example, with the 90d certs, I think cert-manager defaults to renewal at 30d out. Let's assume the same grace, of ~33% of the total life, for the 6d certs: that means renew at 2d out. So if an outage persisted for 2d, those certs would be at risk of expiring.

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