Autowiper sensors are some of the simplest, well understood technology around. You place an infrared led at a low angle to the windshield, you place an ir collector so the light from the LED hits it. (Remember that at shallow angles, light reflects off glass.) When water is on the sensor, the angle of refraction and reflection change, and the ir collector suddenly sees much less light. Two components, plus a microcon…
The RLS is usually a part of the rearview mirror supporting structure.
It also has to also work for hail and snow/sleet. Again, it's not as simple as you suggest.