> for the entirety of humankind's existence, including its ancestors (so going back at least 4 million years), Earth was a mighty fine place to be. The occasional ice age didn't stop our non-technological ancestors from spreading all over the globe either.
It almost did. Estimates range there were between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs of humans 70,000 years ago.[0]
0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_catastrophe_theory
Also, climate shift is implicated in the collapse of Mediterranean civilizations in the Bronze Age.[1]
1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_Bronze_Age_collapse#Possi...
> How about closer targets then? The Moon
Not as hospitable or cool. :c But a Moon base space port seems like an important strategic asset.
> Musk is already fantasising about "1 million people on Mars by 2050", which is just bonkers.
Yep. Have research outposts first.
> A civilisation capable of modifying an entire planet's atmosphere, temperature, and magnetic field would much more easily (in terms of energy required) be capable of creating free floating habitats with orders of magnitude more living space, carefully tuned parameters (air, temperature, artificial gravity, etc.) and versatility than a small cold, barren rock like Mars.
Agree. But bioengineered supervirus or bolide impact or short-range nuclear war are still salient existential threats that multi-planet civilizations would resist better.
> It would be much quicker to create such artificial worlds, worlds, too than to slowly heat up and build up an entire breathable atmosphere.
Artificial habitats are definitely 1,000,000 times better than living on planets for many reasons, but I don't think they're quicker or easier to make than colonizing bodies. How do we do mega-scale construction with our current or near-future orbital industry capacity or material science or governments/incentives?
It seems easier to stay rock-bound for the time being.
> By the way - where are all the required elements for a proper atmosphere and ecosystem
Yep. It's easier to have an improper atmosphere and ecosystem.