Earlier quoted context omitted.
Please back up such an unlikely sounding claim with several excellent sources. Here in the UK, there is exactly one layer: the NHS. It negotiates prices directly with drug suppliers, and as the sole buyer (monopsony) is able to get a great deal. It also sets the prices paid by consumers (the prescription price), which is a flat price charged for all drugs (yes really all of them) and is currently £9.15 (about 11 USD)…
Drugs are more streamlined, but most of the NHS looks a lot like the US system. There are 8 major private electronic health systems, and many have not signed interoperability pledges. 145 CCGs. Foundation Trusts, remember just 10 years ago GP Practices would become part. Quasi-private GP Practices. Mergers going on every year (195 CCGs to 145 last year). Funding comes out of a myriad of mystery buckets (winter fundin…
I was disputing that specifically drug purchasing is a "racket" with "more layers" the US system, which is what the parent comment claimed. None of the organisations or organisational units that you mention have anything to do with drug price negotiation, so I don't see what they have to do with the conversation.