Why are there so few new languages built on the .NET platform ? This is a genuine question - is there something about the JVM that gives rise to such vibrant ecosystems. Clojure, Scala, Kotlin, Groovy, JRuby : Most importantly, every one of them is in production use - not just as toy/experimental languages. And we havent even opened the Pandora's box that is Java 9+Truffle. There's a lot of broscience that .NET is su…
C# has been superior to Java, as a language, for quite a long time (IMHO) and likely always will be. The libraries, well, I don't know. Pretty similar I guess.
The thing to consider about programming languages is there's no way to make money from them anymore. That means they're either loss leaders for some other product (Swift : iOS, C# : Windows), the result of academic research (Scala, Haskell, etc), one man's personal quest to redefine coding (Clojure, Groovy, Ruby), or the result of a company attempting to optimise its own processes or products (Go, JavaScript, Kotlin). Oh yes. And then there's C++ which defies categorisation :-)
So now you look at the categories above and what do you observe? That a lot of the developers will be essentially hobbyist in nature, or working on products that are often used on UNIX. These people will want to build on a cross platform runtime. Until recently .NET was not cross platform.
JVM bytecode is also a bit simpler than .NET bytecode and has better support for dynamic languages. Many languages are dynamic.