Earlier quoted context omitted.
I've had some work in designing vessels to take external pressure. It's fundamentally a nonlinear problem. A lot of new(and some not so new) engineers don't understand the process of solving it properly For instance, euler buckling is the simple eigenvalue problem of solving a column in compression. But, it misses: initial defect because nothing is truly straight, material nonlinear effects if the part approaches yie…
There is a relative recent trend by fire fighters to replace old steel/aluminum cylinders with breathing gas to cylinders made out of carbon (300 bar). They are also used under water in diving. The intend benefit is the reduced weight, but I wonder a bit how the failure mode might be a bit different from steel.
Not sure it's practical to do that with subs.