Earlier quoted context omitted.
You can't have the CUDA substring in the name or anything a court would deem potentially confusing. Even if "CUDA" wasn't registered, using a similar name could be seen as an attempt to pass off the product as affiliated with or endorsed by NVIDIA. The similarity in names could be construed as an attempt to unfairly benefit from NVIDIA's reputation and market position. If the open-source project implements techniques…
I wonder to what ends trademark protections reach. Firsthand example, both SpaceX and Subaru have services called Starlink. Subaru Starlink was first, but SpaceX Starlink is more famous. I've been confused and I've seen others be confused by the two.
Starlink for internet is unlikely to be confused with STARLINK for Subaru car safety systems. (Perhaps the all caps also helps if they were sued)
Trademark applications are scoped so that you can’t monopolize a name, you only own the name within the industry you operate in.
For example, there’s a real estate investment fund named Apple and even trades with stock ticker APLE.