> * unreadable coding style: This is not a C++ problem.
I would argue that it is, after a few years of Rust. My style in C++ was formed by my exposure to other people's code. I guess this is true for most people.
Certainly, in C++, as well as in any language, Rust included, there are a myriad of ways to express yourself when solving a problem. Is my C++ coding style unreadable? I don't think so. But I used that language for 30+ years. Let's say I only used it for five years -- what then? I would have much less exposure to other people's code and hence to well written/readable code.
Rust has rustfmt (a code formatter) and clippy (a very opinionated linter). And they get used lots. Most Rust CI now includes `cargo fmt --check` and `cargo clippy` runs than need to come out clean.
This goes a long way in making code canonical. Clippy's amazing suggestions also made me a much better Rust developer in a much shorter time.
Are rustfmt & clippy part of "Rust the language"? No. But in a way they are since there is nothing else they compete with for opinion on how Rust code should be formatted and written.
When you onboard new people and they have adapted the pov that this makes lots of sense, it goes a long way in avoiding code being produced that is difficult to read for others.
And because of this, I do indeed think that it is a problem of a programming language, in 2023, if the default tooling does not include such utilities. And a strong incentive through the community, pretty much all the available learning materials and repos in the wild, encouraging their use.