When a party loses a war against another party, they don't have much in the way of rights until there's a negotiated peace. They certainly don't get to talk about 'their land' in any meaningful sense.
Israel occupied the West Bank, the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, and the Golan Heights after winning the Six-Day War. When Egypt - twelve years and another war later - negotiated a peace treaty with Israel, Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula to them, and it once again became Egyptian.
Syria hasn't shown much interest in negotiating peace with Israel, and that's why the Golan Heights are not Syrian at the moment - and the way things are going, likely never will be.
The Palestinians also haven't shown much interest in peace. The Israelis have made many generous offers over the years - the Palestinians could've easily negotiated peace and established a state at the Oslo Accords or the Camp David Accords. They declined to do so. When they eventually decide that they do want peace, then 'their land' will be what they negotiate - but until then, they've got they same status as Germans or Japanese in the immediate aftermath of WWII.
Considering Israel's historical and religious ties to the land, and considering that there's been over forty years to sort out peace, they've been incredibly tolerant by not annexing the entire West Bank outright. (Which they've quite plausibly got the right to do - Israel may have signed the Fourth Geneva Convention, but the West Bank wasn't claimed by another sovereign state at the time of its occupation.) European countries aren't nearly as generous when they win wars - which is why Gdańsk is Polish, Bolzano is Italian, Kaliningrad is Russian, and Hungary is a whole lot smaller than it used to be.
Again, I have to question why people want to hold the world's only Jewish state to a standard followed by no other country.