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The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

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Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#51
If you're a market maker, you really, really want to be able to do low-latency trading in order to hedge fills before the market moves against you. If market makers can't do this, they will make worse markets - show less size and wider prices, or just get out of the game. How do you do this under continuous batch auctions?

I have an underdeveloped idea that what we really need is limit order types with built-in hedging. "Bid to buy 100 gizmos at 30c each, and for every five gizmos bought, immediately offer to sell 1 widget at $1.20; cancel this order if the best offer for widgets moves below that price" sort of thing. Basically, you're moving the simple reasoning that has to be executed at low latency from the market maker's FPGA to the exchange's matching engine.

Sometimes, you can do this by putting orders in spreads, but only where a spread exists (or can be defined) for the two legs you care about, in the right ratio.

You might also want to do more complicated things, like pulling an order in one product if another product moves a lot, because you think that presages a move in the product you're quoting.

The idea would be, firstly, to make it much easier to make markets without having to invest in low-latency infrastructure, broadening the base of participants who can do it, and secondly, to reduce the negative impact of speed-blunting interventions like continuous batch auctions or speed bumps.

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#52
post #12
post #5

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The way I see it, HFT firms provide liquidity to the market, which is good. They do so in an automatic fasion which makes it cheaper than the past system of human traders. But they also do a speed competition which is mostly wasteful. There may be some benefit for the overall market of faster communications but it is pretty low. All systems have waste, some more and some less. This is unavoidable. So the discussion m…

Swap to an auction batch model and they don’t provide liquidity, they simply don’t have significant stakes relative to the number of daily transactions. Essentially their an outgrowth of all trades needing to be instantaneous which lets them reuse the same capital thousands of times per day. Add to that the fact HFT are profitable and they must therefore provide negative economic value. Either the seller or the buyer…

The idea is that HFTs provide value by tightening spreads.

The slower a market maker is, the more risk they take on when they quote, because they are more likely to be caught by market moves - less likely to cancel their quote when the market starts moving, less likely to be able to hedge if they get filled at the start of a move. To make up for that risk, they have to earn more per trade. The only way to do that is to quote a wider spread [1]. That means that real money participants end up paying more when they cross that spread.

The value captured by HFTs has not come from real money participants, but from other, slower, market makers, and they have shared that value with real money participants.

[1] Or to demand a bigger stipend, or steeper maker-taker pricing, from the exchange, either of which means bigger fees for other participants.

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#53
post #2

There are severe technological consequences for pushing for synthetic discrete time. Exchanges that currently execute in a serialized fashion may no longer be able to support the trading volume if the underlying platform is unable to develop batch sizes that naturally align with hardware capabilities and timings. Put differently, I think what is going to happen is you will start stacking way more orders at each inter…

This hasn’t materialised as a problem (batch auctions are one on the MiFID II venue models) - some eu venues have run this model for around four years now, its definitely less widely used than other models but has a niche.

It might not have materialised as a problem because those venues are not handling as much traffic as the busiest CLOBs are.

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#54

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Haha yeah! Though times for these auctions are double-digit milliseconds, a lifetime for your fpga strategies! And it's still fairly niche, these are complementing CLOBs/dark pools rather than replacing them. Where did you move to from hft?

Moved into a small company that does process control (SCADA) systems development. Took a fairly large drop in salary but the work/life balance improved and job satisfaction increased. I'd previously done a lot of work in embedded SCADA systems (hence the fit for working with with FPGAs in HFT). I left mainly because I genuinely felt that there was a certain futility with ultra low latency trading...it's less about tr…

I'm merely an observer, but it feels, intuitively, that HFT was great when things were fairly predictable -- or more like the major indices and individual names moved a most 2% on any given day -- and now, in the post-covid era, starting with the DPZ spike, and you could argue the TSLA original call buying spree, everything is in shambles. A lot of HFTs I know of suffered serious losses...

Could you explain, indirectly or without identifiers, why now is different than back then?

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#55
post #51

If you're a market maker, you really, really want to be able to do low-latency trading in order to hedge fills before the market moves against you. If market makers can't do this, they will make worse markets - show less size and wider prices, or just get out of the game. How do you do this under continuous batch auctions? I have an underdeveloped idea that what we really need is limit order types with built-in hedgi…

So generalize simple market offers toward time-limited smart contracts?

And everyone having the ability to do so at the same level.

Seems like a good idea to me, assuming contract constraints that guarantee market resolution system will resolve quickly and behave predictably.

And some nano-fees for contract execution to make DNS attacks unprofitable (for the attacker, profitable for the market).

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#56
The ad-tech world worked on a Vickery Auction for quite some time. I've often wondered what things would look like if the financial world worked that way instead.

(Vickery Auctions are pretty much dead now because websites saw that bidders were bidding $X and automatically assumed that because they weren't getting $X, but rather $(X - Y), they were being ripped off)

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#59

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Moved into a small company that does process control (SCADA) systems development. Took a fairly large drop in salary but the work/life balance improved and job satisfaction increased. I'd previously done a lot of work in embedded SCADA systems (hence the fit for working with with FPGAs in HFT). I left mainly because I genuinely felt that there was a certain futility with ultra low latency trading...it's less about tr…

I'm merely an observer, but it feels, intuitively, that HFT was great when things were fairly predictable -- or more like the major indices and individual names moved a most 2% on any given day -- and now, in the post-covid era, starting with the DPZ spike, and you could argue the TSLA original call buying spree, everything is in shambles. A lot of HFTs I know of suffered serious losses... Could you explain, indirect…

I’m not sure about delta one firms but almost all the options MM firms have been having record years in the COVID / meme stock era.

In broad strokes, the things that hurt market makers the most are long winded price trends and accumulation of inventory. So generally MMs can and often will eat large initial losses (depending on how many wings they happened to have owned at the time) when huge volatility spikes happen but when the raised volatility stays at that level for some amount of time (you’ll sometimes hear this referred as market “regimes”) and the MM was able to not blow out from the initial spike they’ll more than make up their losses from the good trading environment after the fact.

Market makers as a whole were suffering during the mid 2010s when volatility was low year to year, correlation with SPY was high, and all the indices basically just went straight up every month.

Re: The high-frequency trading arms race: frequent batch auctions (2015)

#60
post #51

If you're a market maker, you really, really want to be able to do low-latency trading in order to hedge fills before the market moves against you. If market makers can't do this, they will make worse markets - show less size and wider prices, or just get out of the game. How do you do this under continuous batch auctions? I have an underdeveloped idea that what we really need is limit order types with built-in hedgi…

The hedging scenario you describe is one of the hallmarks of combinatorial auctions[0], which let participants enter bids on packages. (Disclaimer, I'm a founder at OneChronos which is applying these auctions to US equities.) So a market maker can express something like: "fill me for any package that includes `x` gizmos AND `k * x` anti-gizmos simultaneously".

The more powerful and general version of this is: "Buy and sell any mix of products, subject to the total package being neutral across these 10 risk factors I care about."

> You might also want to do more complicated things, like pulling an order in one product if another product moves a lot

This is a key problem in US equities or any market with similar fragmentation. The way we're approaching that is to allow those package bids to also include constraints on "current" market conditions at the moment of the auction. A simple one would be "if the momentary spread between asset A and B is greater than X, don't trade."

[0]: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/12/30/th...

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