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String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

blogs.scientificamerican.com

51–60 of 82 posts

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#51

See, if a neuroscientist went and had an opinion on sub-atomic physics, people would say "that's nice" and pat them on the head in a patronizing way. But the problem is general. A scientist outside their field is a layman .

Got to love the way that some HN commenters seem to know how it all works.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#52
post #18

I have no evidence or proof, but personally, I believe that the whole consciousness thing is an illusion. There's certain level of abstraction required for a bran as advanced as human's, but in the end, it's just matter following the laws of physics, same as everything else.

I agree with you. It certainly is following laws of physics (known and unknown) because everything is. It is a useful abstraction for a complicated system. However, it doesn't make it any less interesting for me.

The early universe didn't follow the laws of pysics according to big bang theory.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#53
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>> following the laws of physics The question is, which laws of physics, and are the interaction between those laws of physics, interactions we already know, or new ones we have not discovered yet? Otherwise we might as well say consciousness follows the will of God.

In terms of brain, it seems that the classical physics and electromechanics is quite enough — we don't really need to invoke quantum physics to explain the basic neurons (except as by proxy with all chemical reactions), and current progress with neural networks shows that these structures can indeed result in extremely complicated behaviour.

So we can't measure, touch or see conciseness (not brain activity - consciousness). We can't observe it, only experience it. Why do we expect classical physics to be up to the job of understanding this?

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#54
post #33

In my experience all those "consciousness is otherworldly magic" people are at least heavily influenced (1) by the religious interpretation of the "magical uniqueness" of the humans compared to the all other living beings. Wishful thinking. Then comes the "free will" and other also "magical" thinking. Especially easy to sell in the US (2) And we aren't made of anything other than what all the animals are made of, and…

> The consciousness is just a product of evolution

Exactly. Nothing makes sense in biology except in the light of evolution ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing_in_Biology_Makes_Sense... ).

Why do some digger wasps only count their own contribution to a nest ( https://www.researchgate.net/publication/245965580_Do_Digger... ), and why do some perform redundant nest-checking ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphex#Uses_in_philosophy )?

For the same reason we don't calculate exact solutions to large travelling salesman problems; it's much more economical and evolutionarily advantageous to use heuristics, even if they have quirky side-effects and edge-cases.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#55
Of course it will remain a mystery until we can get to an agreed definition of what consciousness is. Until then it is just an argument in semantics.

On a personal note I have never been very impressed with arguments over the importance of consciousness. I have had too many experiences in life where consciousness is grey to feel it is anything other than a just-so story of what happened.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I can't tell whether you are being sarcastic or not. Machine learning has absolutely nothing to do with consciousness. From where people get that connection?

Nothing? How do you mean that? Sure, it's not in the vicinity, e.g. machine learning has more to do with statistics and AI but nothing? I'm surprised by that statement, maybe I'm taking it too literal perhaps. I mean, the way neural nets behave in computer vision implies some form of attention. On some benchmarks neurons and deep learning have almost the same biological output (poorly phrased, was from a talk that NG…

Subjective experiences are neurologically evolved and psychologically optimized representations of sensory input. Using only the objective world we ought to be able to infer something about them. Your thought process here is interesting. Color is the optimal subjective encoding of light's frequency and amplitude. We use it to infer material (color) and structure (shading) when we're recognizing objects. The models inferred by machines almost necessarily have a similar shape; Provided they're being required to perform similar tasks. If we can make a neural network pass the Turing Test then it's model should tell us all sorts of things about humans.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#57

This reminds me rather of Roger Penrose's foray into consciousness in The Emperor's New Mind. If you wade your way through it, you'll find the tl;dr is 'consciousness must be a quantum thing because quantum things are mysterious and so is consciousness- oh and look at those microtubules in those neurons - you might get quantum effects in there.' Rather disappointing for such a brilliant man.

What's disappointing is you thinking your one sentence is a trump card dismissing Orch-OR - orchestrated objective reduction. Perhaps better to say that you don't find his ideas on this subject convincing. That at least is not patronizing.

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#58
post #19

Earlier quoted context omitted.

In terms of brain, it seems that the classical physics and electromechanics is quite enough — we don't really need to invoke quantum physics to explain the basic neurons (except as by proxy with all chemical reactions), and current progress with neural networks shows that these structures can indeed result in extremely complicated behaviour.

Consciousness must exploit growing entropy somehow - otherwise we'd be completely deterministic and consciousness (as an orthogonal consequence of free will) could not exist.

otherwise we'd be completely deterministic

Why? The engineering definition of deterministic implies predictable outcomes given a known internal state. Are you suggesting that we're already at the level where we can accurately and fully measure a human brain's internal state?

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#59
Personal opinion: I can imagine that the reason of how we experience consciousness might be unsolvable, much as the question how the color blue feels is hard to answer objectively.

However, I think there are a lot less fuzzy questions that are strongly connected with consciousness that I'm hoping can be find answers for - and that could shed some more light on what consciousness is and what it isn't. Such as:

- what are memories? Could we build some machine to extract or even manipulate them? Is it possible to compare memories of different people?

- what are dreams?

- different parts of our body are affected differently by our consciousness: Some things we can control directly, like hands, feet, speech, etc; some processes we cannot control but we do experience them, such as hunger or sleep; and some we neither control nor experience such as digestion, homeostasis etc, even though they are also regulated by the brain. Even more couriously, many of those autonomous processes are greatly affected by conscious thoughts even though we don't experience them as directly controllable - such as fear and arousal. Inversely, conscious actions often have autonomous "sub routines", such as walking. So what what mechanism in the brain governs which processes are conscious and which are not?

- Suppose we could actually do brain transplants. Assume we put an adult human brain in a jar and connect it with some kind of VR. Could the brain learn to control a non-human body such as a spider? How about a human body with different proportions?

Re: String theorist Edward Witten says consciousness “will remain a mystery”

#60
post #59

Personal opinion: I can imagine that the reason of how we experience consciousness might be unsolvable, much as the question how the color blue feels is hard to answer objectively. However, I think there are a lot less fuzzy questions that are strongly connected with consciousness that I'm hoping can be find answers for - and that could shed some more light on what consciousness is and what it isn't. Such as: - what…

These are all part of the easy problem of consciousness, so yes, I don't think anyone doubts that they can be answered in principle. But there's the hard problem of consciousness, which this article talks about.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_problem_of_consciousnes...

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