Of course it was cultural. This article covers it all in more detail, but I was coding a lot in this period of Perl's decline, and in hindsight it was all so obvious. I wrote a lot of Perl 3 and Perl 4 to date my experience. Rails was designed to be a luxury hand-holding experience using a language that was intended - as a design goal - to make programming fun. There was even for a while in the late 2000s the culture…
It was a great time - titles like Learn You A Haskell For Great Good and Land of Lisp really capture the zeitgeist.