Earlier quoted context omitted.
That's why I qualified with "most" and "virtually." I haven't actually done the math, but I'd be surprised if it didn't work out to something like >90% of the total energy for a long trip going into frictional losses. Consider any vehicle: the amount of the total energy that goes into generating actual motion is roughly proportional to the time it takes to accelerate to your final cruising speed, at which point all o…
For a car you are 100% right - it's nearly all friction. But to accelerate to over 1000 MPH you need a lot of energy just to get started, and you have little chance of recovering it. But an overland bullet train in a vacuum would be so much easier to build that the acceleration energy would be worth it.
You need exactly 4 times as much energy as you do accelerate to 500 MPH, which is the speed of a slow jet. Four times a small amount is still a pretty small amount.