The government already takes enough taxes. I am sure they can figure it out. In fact, you are already double taxed: once on income tax (which was temporary and only paid on corporate profits, not yours, but that's another story) and then taxed again on what was already taxed through GST, sales tax, VAT, you name it.
>finite
You think land is finite? You do realize you can fit the entire human race - both the ~8 billion people currently alive and the estimated ~100 to 117 billion people who have ever lived- inside the Grand Canyon? We have enough land that every single person could have an entire farm of their own, not to mention the "land isn't enough" argument makes no sense in a country with giant parking lots, and no exceptions are made for people living in apartment blocks.
The solution is simple for what you mentioned at the end: make houses a depreciated asset, not an investment. Investment by concept must always go up, scale, and grow, making it inevitably unsustainable. Japan did it and fixed the entire housing issue for the next generations to come. I am sure we are smart enough to do the same. Housing and land are made to live in, not to invest in, and keeping them empty to gauge prices up.