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A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

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Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#41
post #17

The simple solution would be to have independent entities offer trust assertions about CAs and to allow users to consider multiple entities' views in their decision about whether to trust. It's surprising this doesn't exist yet when the attack vector is so clear.

[deleted]

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#42
post #34

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The certificate is for a specific IP address, no? And without DNS pointing google.com to that IP address, it's pretty useless.

Nope, certificates are issued for CNs(Common Name), also known as FQDNs (Fully qualified domain names). Something such as *.google.com, not IP addresses. If they were issued for IP addresses they would have to reissue the certificate every time they spun up a new server. Also it's why if you spin up another server and make DNS point google.com to that server, it would not pass verification since the certificate you w…

Certificates can be issued to IP addresses (at least on SAN level, not sure if they are allowed in CN in CA/B baseline requirements), like https://crt.sh/?id=15492507462

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#43

This is a bad look. I expected the result would be Chrome and Firefox dropping trust for this CA, but they already don't trust this CA. Arguably, Microsoft/Windows trusting a CA that the other big players choose not to trust is an even worse look for Microsoft.

Also being issued on a major US holiday- when many are on PTO- does not help with the look.

During carnival we brazillians often take 3 or 4 days leave.

Would it be fair during that time if I asked you to hold your PRs, bug tickets and work in general because we're on paid leave?

On-call rotation exists for those reasons. Otherwise, all countries would need to respect all other countries holidays.

In fact, we're not even aware of most US holidays. It is likely to be a coincidence.

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#44

Earlier quoted context omitted.

These are generally government CAs, so, typically the situation is Microsoft sold the government Windows, and as part of that deal (at least tacitly) agreed to the CA being trusted, and so every system that's trusting these certificates is a Windows PC anyway, running Edge because the whole point was the government will only use Windows and pays Microsoft $$$. Why bake it into everybody else's Windows? If you make sa…

what's the state's interest in having their CA built into windows?

E.g. identity verification. My state has a "qualified" certificate that can be used to sign contracts and basically everything else you can do in-person. When you can transfer you home with that, there are higher requirements on checking the identity of a person who gets the certificate.

That CA is not used for much else and is basically confined to our state. But it has to be in Windows, otherwise no other software could verify the signatures.

See eIDAS and other similar schemes.

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#45
post #21

Can someone explain what could be done with that and by whom?

Whoever has the private certificate can pretend to be google.com to people using windows. The brower (possibly only edge) and system would show the connection as being secure.

[deleted]

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#46
post #16

Earlier quoted context omitted.

These are generally government CAs, so, typically the situation is Microsoft sold the government Windows, and as part of that deal (at least tacitly) agreed to the CA being trusted, and so every system that's trusting these certificates is a Windows PC anyway, running Edge because the whole point was the government will only use Windows and pays Microsoft $$$. Why bake it into everybody else's Windows? If you make sa…

Windows is less popular every year.

I feel confident in guessing that any net changes in Windows popularity have close to no relation to Microsoft's policies around trusted CA. The number of users who are worried about sketchy certificates being trusted by default are dwarfed by the number of users who don't have any idea what a "trusted CA" is but care about more "visible" things like UI changes, performance, and how hard Windows is pushing Edge and other things they don't want.

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#47
post #34

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The certificate is for a specific IP address, no? And without DNS pointing google.com to that IP address, it's pretty useless.

Nope, certificates are issued for CNs(Common Name), also known as FQDNs (Fully qualified domain names). Something such as *.google.com, not IP addresses. If they were issued for IP addresses they would have to reissue the certificate every time they spun up a new server. Also it's why if you spin up another server and make DNS point google.com to that server, it would not pass verification since the certificate you w…

Nit: a CN (stored in the Subject field of a cert) is not an FQDN, though historically web browsers treated them as such. This practice is now deprecated. Modern practice is for the domain name(s) to be placed in the Subject Alternative Name (SAN) field.

The Subject field is not consulted so long as the SAN field is present, and can in theory be any X.500 Distinguished Name, of which Common Name is one possible attribute, which may be any freeform string of a limited length (though it is typically set to the primary domain the cert is issued for, for easy identification).

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#48
post #39

It gets worse. ICP-Brasil, the AC mentioned in the bug reports, the the government run agency responsible for all things related to digital signatures. Digitally signing a contract, a deed, accessing tax returns…

Unlike web browsers, digital signature use cases should perform revocation checks, so revoking the google.com certificate should solve that.

I think the current "meta" is CAA records? https://blog.cloudflare.com/why-certificate-pinning-is-outda...

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#49

Earlier quoted context omitted.

These are generally government CAs, so, typically the situation is Microsoft sold the government Windows, and as part of that deal (at least tacitly) agreed to the CA being trusted, and so every system that's trusting these certificates is a Windows PC anyway, running Edge because the whole point was the government will only use Windows and pays Microsoft $$$. Why bake it into everybody else's Windows? If you make sa…

what's the state's interest in having their CA built into windows?

So they can mitm their own employees without annoying TLS warnings.

Re: A Brazilian CA trusted only by Microsoft has issued a certificate for google.com

#50

Earlier quoted context omitted.

These are generally government CAs, so, typically the situation is Microsoft sold the government Windows, and as part of that deal (at least tacitly) agreed to the CA being trusted, and so every system that's trusting these certificates is a Windows PC anyway, running Edge because the whole point was the government will only use Windows and pays Microsoft $$$. Why bake it into everybody else's Windows? If you make sa…

what's the state's interest in having their CA built into windows?

So when they issue their certificates, you don't get that huge red banner? I belong to a small developing country and even with its tech illiteracy it has a CA. Now, of course, because that CA is not trusted by anyone, all government websites are red.
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