Random fact: I did some planning around this for a client a while ago. While measuring the AWS latencies I found I could get approximate latencies (within 10%) by measuring the rough undersea cable length (km) and dividing by 150. While not overly surprising, it was very consistent. Edit: I think it was actually 155
"Through LabVIEW the speed of light in the optical fiber is calculated to be ~ 2.054 x 108 m/s corresponding to a refractive index of n ≈ 1.4606 which is a typical value" https://web.phys.ksu.edu/posters/2009/juma-Adv-Lab-S09.pdf