Maybe I'm not understanding something but why do they consider paying dividends as something bad? They are essentially excluding the majority of businesses using this criteria.
No, they are not. The vast majority of companies do not pay dividends.
However, that is a small minority of all firms and I hope you will find it interesting to learn that many, many small firms' owners (Doctors offices, car dealers, liquor stores, carwashes, etc.) take regular compensation in the form of dividends.
Further, I will point that in the United States, if you are an "S Corp" (and millions are) you cannot, for the most part, carry over liquid cash from one year to the next. You are forced to distribute any leftover cash, typically in the form of distributions to owners (dividends).
That being said, receiving state aid on condition of suspending dividend payments makes very good sense and is the first condition I would add to such aid - you shouldn't need state aid if you are distributing profits.