I just can't understand how someone can be so irresponsible. They knew exactly what their ad spend was and how many pre-orders they had in the pipeline. Since they only had several hundred pre-orders, they could have easily set that money aside for refunds, but they didn't.
If they took customers' money knowing that they could neither deliver the product nor refund the money, wouldn't that be fraud?
There is a solution of course - you need to raise enough money (or commit, in the case of Tile founder who should have had enough personal capital to make this work) to never be in a financial position that you couldn't simply return all your customers money in the event that the product or business didn't make sense. As long as you can gaurentee that you hold onto enough money for the returns, you are operating responsibly. If you take 100% of the money you get from sales and commit it, you cant take back ad spend or tooling/engineering spend. Is it fraudulent - I'm not sure. Is it irresponsible - most definitely.