Earlier quoted context omitted.
>There is clearly a huge leap in rational intelligence when you go from other animals to humans Citation needed. Monkeys/apes even fight wars between tribes. All differences between humans and other animals seem to be purely quantitative. I'm sure the difference between your average cat and the smartest species of non-human monkeys/apes are greater than the difference between the smartest species of non-human monkeys…
I wonder how dolphins and elephants would compare to human intelligence if they had vocals pathways capable of speaking and limbs capable of grasping.
Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
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Re: Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
#42Earlier quoted context omitted.
>There is clearly a huge leap in rational intelligence when you go from other animals to humans Citation needed. Monkeys/apes even fight wars between tribes. All differences between humans and other animals seem to be purely quantitative. I'm sure the difference between your average cat and the smartest species of non-human monkeys/apes are greater than the difference between the smartest species of non-human monkeys…
I wonder how dolphins and elephants would compare to human intelligence if they had vocals pathways capable of speaking and limbs capable of grasping.
Re: Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
#43Earlier quoted context omitted.
There's probably been orders of magnitude more time spent analyzing rodent brains, simply because there is an effectively unlimited quantity available and an extremely limited quantity of human brains available. Essentially all invasive human brain studies are preceded by animal model studies (usually starting with rodents before proceeding to "higher" animals if that's called for), but conversely not all animal mode…
Uniqueness as an artifact caused by limits on current knowledge is a salient point. To give an idea of the state of the art in the understanding of living brains, this page presents a pie chart of known neuron types by species: http://neuromorpho.org/byspecies.jsp
However, if they had a moral code like ours they might instead surmise that rats, mice, and flies are viewed as expendable to the actual "rulers" of the planet and that these have an aversion to slicing themselves up for science. So they might conclude the rulers to be one of the primates given the existence of three close species: human/chimp/baboon in one family (monkey).
Re: Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
#44But my initial reaction to the headline was about AI research. My personal belief is that if you are looking at biology for help creating more powerful general purpose AI (AGI or "strong AI"), the idea that humans are special is actually mostly wrong and is counter-productive. For example there were many earlier efforts that emphasized reproducing the more rational aspects of human cognition (things animals seemed unable to do), but those turned out to be dead ends for AGI. Computers can do automated mathematical problem solving or proofs or play chess much better than humans, but it turns out that much of what people do doesn't have cut-and-dried rules that we can just enter in.
Most, if not all of the capabilities that have been more difficult to achieve in AI are shared between humans and animals. If anyone has had a pet they might have noticed some abilities that may or may not have seemed particularly smart at that time. But when you start to look at it from the perspective of reproducing those abilities in robots, no one has come close. And those capabilities are shared with humans and can be mapped to higher-level abilities.
For example, start with the advanced vision and motor systems that work together in the average house cat. Add in the ability to communicate and coerce humans into providing fresh food and water at will (ok, my cat was spoiled). The desire and ability of the cat to play in a slightly creative way -- my cat would look at me, arch her back, puff up her tail, tilt her head, as a clear communication that she wanted me to play chase with her. Then she would run and find a new place to hide. Or she would run up and smack me with both paws on the ankle at the same time, check that I had noticed and then run away -- another invitation to play. (Coincidentally, tag was also by far my nephew's favorite game when he was little.)
I guess I don't really have the motivation today to make a really in-depth and convincing argument here. But at least consider making artificial cats before you make artificial humans. Even if you don't agree that it is a big step towards reproducing human abilities. Because cats _can_ be pretty great, but litter boxes are disgusting.
Re: Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
#45Earlier quoted context omitted.
I wonder how dolphins and elephants would compare to human intelligence if they had vocals pathways capable of speaking and limbs capable of grasping.
I'm pretty sure I've heard dolphins speaking and seen elephants grasping.
Re: Newly Discovered 'Rose Hip' Neurons May Be Unique To Humans
#46"These types of cells [inhibitory neurons] are extremely important," he says. And when there's dysfunction in them, he says, that can "directly be linked to different types of neuropsychiatric disease, like schizophrenia." That's a really bold claim with nothing in the article backing it up. If I put my thinking cap on, perhaps there is an established link between failure of inhibitory neurons and neuropsychiatric di…
The claim isn't that bold, there is a well established link between inhibitory neuron disfunction and neuropsychiatric disorders. I think you're mis-reading the comment. The passage says that inhibitory neurons are important, not the 'Rose Hip' neurons.
I had not heard of the relation between lack of inhibitory action and such disorders, but I know glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter and its deficiency can play a role in such disorders. Now I know of a more general framework to put that into. So this all make sense now, but it wasn't clear to me strictly from the article. Thanks.