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Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

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Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#41
post #36
post #35

I don't know how CPUs and instructions work but wouldn't this mean that every app has to be recompiled for ARM or run in an emulator?

Yes, it would mean that.

In the NeXT days, a program could be compiled as a "fat" binary that would run on multiple supported CPU architectures.

It made things easier for developers because they only had to ship one set of installation media regardless of the CPU the user had.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#42
post #41
post #36

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, it would mean that.

In the NeXT days, a program could be compiled as a "fat" binary that would run on multiple supported CPU architectures. It made things easier for developers because they only had to ship one set of installation media regardless of the CPU the user had.

Didn't Apple have the same thing during the PowerPC->Intel migration? "universal binary" or something like that.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#43
post #41
post #36

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, it would mean that.

In the NeXT days, a program could be compiled as a "fat" binary that would run on multiple supported CPU architectures. It made things easier for developers because they only had to ship one set of installation media regardless of the CPU the user had.

Apple's 68K->PowerPC transition did roughly the same thing.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#44
post #41
post #36

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, it would mean that.

In the NeXT days, a program could be compiled as a "fat" binary that would run on multiple supported CPU architectures. It made things easier for developers because they only had to ship one set of installation media regardless of the CPU the user had.

This capability still exists, and is in fact often used for libraries. The lipo command-line tool lets you bundle code compiled for multiple architectures into the same physical file (or extract the code for a specific architecture, etc.).

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#45
post #13
post #2

Makes sense. Allegedly they had pretty much every version OS X after Rhapsody continuing to run on x86 in some capacity until the x86 version of OS X finally came out. Keeping an ARM version around seems like a no brainer. I suspect this isn't being held in case the Mac market falls apart, but in case the iPad market starts losing to Surface and friends.

Exactly, in fact there's even more to it then that. Particularly at Apple's scale, maintaining a codebase across multiple architectures internally, even if there is absolutely zero foreseeable intention to use them, offers significant value. Strategically of course it creates some hedge against over dependence on any single supplier, it's not just "the Mac market falling apart" so much as Intel/AMD dropping the ball…

"as probably most of HN knows well, keeping a codebase portable can be quite helpful in terms of plain and simple quality. Obscure bugs or bad patterns that are hard to find on one architecture can be a lot easier to identify on another."

Right. Even if they had no intent of making ARM laptops (although I suspect they probably do have that intent), the exercise of keeping the code portable between Intel and ARM would serve them in good stead even if they later went to yet a third CPU architecture.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#46
post #2

Makes sense. Allegedly they had pretty much every version OS X after Rhapsody continuing to run on x86 in some capacity until the x86 version of OS X finally came out. Keeping an ARM version around seems like a no brainer. I suspect this isn't being held in case the Mac market falls apart, but in case the iPad market starts losing to Surface and friends.

Since NeXTStep v3.0, mid-90s, the compiler toolchain had the ability to compile multiple-architecture binaries. Of course Apple bought NeXT and much of OS X is still based on it.

I forget the exact magic method, and don't know if it is still in shipping versions of OS X, but I would be surprised if at least internal-to-Apple versions of their compiler and toolchain didn't still have this available for use.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#47
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Exactly, in fact there's even more to it then that. Particularly at Apple's scale, maintaining a codebase across multiple architectures internally, even if there is absolutely zero foreseeable intention to use them, offers significant value. Strategically of course it creates some hedge against over dependence on any single supplier, it's not just "the Mac market falling apart" so much as Intel/AMD dropping the ball…

Should this apply to cloud provider portability?

The problem with portability between "clouds" (IaaS/PaaS providers) is that many of them have features (e.g. object storage; Dynamo-based distributed tables; reliable message-queueing; health checks connected to load-balancing and hypervisor lifecycle control),

• which are "obvious" and perhaps even necessary for productive coding of distributed systems software; and

• which have huge economies of scale (one shared cluster for all customers beats the pants off the performance+availability of your company's puny little three-node private cluster), and yet...

• which other major clouds don't support at all.

Effectively, all the "clouds" currently only offer between 30% and 90% of what you'd want in something that called itself "a cloud." Nobody has a "whole cloud" (AWS is closest, but still not there.)

Designing for portability between these clouds would be like writing assembly intended to be portable between processor architectures, when only one architecture had an ALU, only one had registers, and only one could conditionally branch. It would be madness.

---

Personally, I feel like, to be able to sensibly design for portability between cloud providers, they'd need a lot more features in common than they have now.

Maybe we could invent a minimum common standard to hold the cloud providers' stacks to—maybe a small one at first, with a growing list of expectations over time; or maybe a "core" spec, and then a number of "levels" of support atop it. Then you could say you've targeted "IaaS Level 3", and clouds could claim to support that, and cloud-abstraction libraries like Fog could actually do something useful.

Re: Apple already has several ARM powered laptops drifting around internally

#48
post #31
post #24

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Nothing stopping you from installing Blink Shell or Prompt on your iPad-like device and connecting to a GCE instance or your own linux server to work on those things.

I see we're basically agreeing the future of working on such things in private is not with Apple hardware then. (Unless you are Google)

Nothing stopping you from running your own server... I don't get what you mean about "in private".
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